ReviewJournal of otology2019
Otitis media with effusion in children: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. A review.
Review in Journal of otology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Topical and oral steroids for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Ventilation tubes (grommets) for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Adelmidrol to fight upper airways inflammation in children: a pilot case control study to safety and efficacy.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Trial
- Effect of probiotic lozenges on improvement in tympanometric classification within 12 weeks in children aged 3-6 years with adenoid hypertrophy and otitis media with effusion undergoing non-surgical management: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Trial
- Inflammatory markers as determinants of glue-type effusion and recurrent ventilation tube placement.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- Wideband Tympanometry Findings in Otitis Media with Effusion-A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- A Novel Long-Term Tympanostomy Tube: The U-Tube.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Associations Between Systemic Immunity Inflammation Index, Aggregate Index of Systemic Inflammation, and Hospital Acquired Otitis Media in Children Aged ≤12 years with Bacterial Pneumonia.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Metabolomic Profiling of Middle Ear Effusion Suggests a Predominant Influence of Age over Viscosity: An HR-MAS NMR Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Dysbiosis and Links of the Middle Ear, Nasal, and Oral Microbiota in Chronic Otitis Media with Effusion.MedComm · 2025Article
- Chronic otitis media with effusion in children with adenoidal hypertrophy: Development of a diagnostic prediction model.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Article
- Evaluating the impact of the 'Blow, Breathe, Cough' health promotion intervention in resolving otitis media with effusion in children: An adaptive randomized-controlled trial protocol.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2025Article
- Incidence and risk factors correlated with otitis media with effusion in pediatric patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a retrospective nationwide inpatient sample database study.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Article
- Bacterial profile, their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated factors of otitis media among children at selected private hospitals in Hargeisa City, Somaliland.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- A novel approach to the follow up of children with otitis media with effusion: wideband absorbance findings.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Article
- Preschool Hearing Screening: Nineteen Years of the Coração Delta Project in Campo Maior, Portugal.Audiology research · 2025Article
- Histopathological and Molecular Insights into Chronic Nasopharyngeal and Otic Disorders in Children: Structural and Immune Mechanisms Underlying Disease Chronicity.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Numerical analysis of the effect of middle-ear effusion on the sound transmission and energy absorbance of the human ear.Journal of otology · 2025Article
- Hearing loss characteristics and cerumen management efficacy in low-income South African communities: a cross-sectional study.Primary health care research & development · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Otitis media with effusion (OME) is a frequent paediatric disorder. The condition is often asymptomatic, and so can easily be missed. However, OME can lead to hearing loss that impairs the child's language and behavioural development. The diagnosis is essentially clinical, and is based on otoscopy and (in some cases) tympanometry. Nasal endoscopy is only indicated in cases of unilateral OME or when obstructive adenoid hypertrophy is suspected. Otitis media with effusion is defined as the observation of middle-ear effusion at consultations three months apart. Hearing must be evaluated (using an age-appropriate audiometry technique) before and after treatment, so as not to miss another underlying cause of deafness (e.g. perception deafness). Craniofacial dysmorphism, respiratory allergy and gastro-oesophageal reflux all favour the development of OME. Although a certain number of medications (antibiotics, corticoids, antihistamines, mucokinetic agents, and nasal decongestants) can be used to treat OME, they are not reliably effective and rarely provide long-term relief. The benchmark treatment for OME is placement of tympanostomy tubes (TTs) and (in some cases) adjunct adenoidectomy. The TTs rapidly normalize hearing and effectively prevent the development of cholesteatoma in the middle ear. In contrast, TTs do not prevent progression towards tympanic atrophy or a retraction pocket. Adenoidectomy enhances the effectiveness of TTs. In children with adenoid hypertrophy, adenoidectomy is indicated before the age of 4 but can be performed later when OME is identified by nasal endoscopy. Children must be followed up until OME has disappeared completely, so that any complications are not missed.
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