ArticleMaternal & child nutrition2019
Greater household food insecurity is associated with lower breast milk intake among infants in western Kenya.
Article in Maternal & child nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Growth and Cognitive Development in Tanzanian Children are Associated with Timing of Birth in Relation to Seasonal Malnutrition.The Journal of pediatrics · 2024Trial
- Association between admission criteria and body composition among young children with moderate acute malnutrition, a cross-sectional study from Burkina Faso.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- Effects of food insecurity risk on infant feeding confidence and practices during the COVID-19 pandemic and its waves.International breastfeeding journal · 2026Article
- Food insecurity is associated with abdominal obesity, body roundness index, mental health, mood, and sleep-related outcomes among Iranian older adults.BMC public health · 2025Article
- How stable isotopes can advance nutrition assessments to inform sustainable food systems.The British journal of nutrition · 2025Review
- Poorer Longitudinal Growth Among HIV Exposed Compared With Unexposed Infants in Kenya.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Article
- Article
- Financial and Food Insecurity are Primary Challenges to Breastfeeding for Women Living with HIV in Western Kenya: A Longitudinal Qualitative Investigation.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Lockdown-Associated Hunger May Be Affecting Breastfeeding: Findings from a Large SMS Survey in South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Water Security and Nutrition: Current Knowledge and Research Opportunities.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Review
- HIV-Exposed, Uninfected Infants in Uganda Experience Poorer Growth and Body Composition Trajectories than HIV-Unexposed Infants.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Article
- Perinatal Food Insecurity and Postpartum Psychosocial Stress are Positively Associated Among Kenyan Women of Mixed HIV Status.AIDS and behavior · 2020Article
- The role of prenatal food insecurity on breastfeeding behaviors: findings from the United States pregnancy risk assessment monitoring system.International breastfeeding journal · 2020Article
- HIV infection, hunger, breastfeeding self-efficacy, and depressive symptoms are associated with exclusive breastfeeding to six months among women in western Kenya: a longitudinal observational study.International breastfeeding journal · 2020Observational
- "If there is no water, we cannot feed our children": The far-reaching consequences of water insecurity on infant feeding practices and infant health across 16 low- and middle-income countries.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2020Article
- Greater household food insecurity is associated with lower breast milk intake among infants in western Kenya.Maternal & child nutrition · 2019Article
- Gendered effects of climate change and health inequities among forcibly displaced populations: Displaced Rohingya women foster resilience through technology.The journal of climate change and healthArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Household food insecurity has been hypothesized to negatively impact breastfeeding practices and breast milk intake, but this relationship has not been rigorously assessed. To generate an evidence base for breastfeeding recommendations among food-insecure mothers in settings where HIV is highly prevalent, we explored infant feeding practices among 119 mother-infant dyads in western Kenya at 6 and 24 weeks postpartum. We used the deuterium oxide dose-to-the-mother technique to determine if breastfeeding was exclusive in the prior 2 weeks, and to quantify breast milk intake. Sociodemographic data were collected at baseline and household food insecurity was measured at each time point using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale. Average breast milk intake significantly increased from 721.3 g/day at 6 weeks postpartum to 961.1 g/day at 24 weeks postpartum. Household food insecurity at 6 or 24 weeks postpartum was not associated with maternal recall of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in the prior 24 hr or deuterium oxide-measured EBF in the prior 2 weeks at a significance level of 0.2 in bivariate models. In a fixed-effects model of quantity of breast milk intake across time, deuterium oxide-measured EBF in the prior 2 weeks was associated with greater breast milk intake (126.1 ± 40.5 g/day) and every one-point increase in food insecurity score was associated with a 5.6 (±2.2)-g/day decrease in breast milk intake. Given the nutritional and physical health risks of suboptimal feeding, public health practitioners should screen for and integrate programs that reduce food insecurity in order to increase breast milk intake.
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Registered trials
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