Observational studyEuropean journal of pediatrics2019
Ten-year trend in prevalence and outcome of Down syndrome with congenital heart disease in a middle-income country.
Observational study in European journal of pediatrics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Social Determinants of Disparities in Mortality Outcomes in Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Global and Chinese co-occurrence patterns association with socio-demographic index for congenital heart disease and Down syndrome, 1990-2021.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- Patterns, survival, and mortality predictors in children with down syndrome and congenital heart disease in resource-limited settings: a follow-up study.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Article
- Survival and Risk Factor for Mortality of Infants with Trisomy-21 and Pulmonary Hypertension: A Population-Based Study from a Middle-Income Country.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Incidence of Newborns with Down Syndrome and Factors Associated with Their Length of Hospital Stay in Hospital Pakar Universiti Sains Malaysia.The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS · 2025Article
- Cerebral oxygenation during submaximal and peak exercise for sedentary adults with and without down syndrome.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Nationwide hospitalizations of patients with down syndrome and congenital heart disease over a 15-year period.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Effects of perinatal disease activity on offspring's growth in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2024Article
- Down syndrome child with multiple heart diseases: A case report.World journal of cardiology · 2023Article
- Congenital Heart Defects and Outcome in a Large Cohort of Down Syndrome: A Single-Center Experience from Turkey.Turkish archives of pediatrics · 2023Article
- A rare association of Down syndrome with Dandy -Walker variant, pulmonary hypertension and childhood interstitial lung disease: A case report of a prognostic dilemma.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2022Article
- Prevalence of pulmonary hypertension among children with Down syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2021Article
- Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome Causing Hypovolemic Shock in Infants With Down Syndrome.Cureus · 2021Article
- Personalized Genetic Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Defects in Newborns.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Limited data are available on the survival of patients with Down syndrome and congenital heart disease (CHD) from middle-income countries. This retrospective cohort study was performed to determine the trends in the prevalence and survival of such patients born from January 2006 to December 2015 in Malaysia. Among 754 patients with Down syndrome, 414 (55%) had CHD, and no significant trend was observed during the 10 years. Of these 414 patients, 30% had lesions that closed spontaneously, 35% underwent surgery/intervention, 9% died before surgery/intervention, and 10% were treated with comfort care. The overall mortality rate was 23%, the median age at death was 7.6 months, and no significant changes occurred over time. The early and late post-surgery/intervention mortality rates were 0.7% and 9.0%, respectively. Most deaths were of non-cardiac causes. The overall 1-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates were 85.5%, 74.6%, and 72.9%, respectively. Patients with severe lesions, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, atrioventricular septal defect, and pulmonary hypertension had low survival at 1 year of age.Conclusion: The prevalence of CHD in patients with Down syndrome is similar between Malaysia and high-income countries. The lower survival rate is attributed to limited expertise and resources which limit timely surgery. What is Known: • The survival of patients with Down syndrome with congenital heart disease (CHD) has improved in high-income countries. However, little is known about the survival of patients with Down syndrome with CHD from middle-income countries. • In the Caucasian population, atrioventricular septal defect is the most common type of CHD associated with Down syndrome. What is New: • In middle-income countries, the prevalence of CHD is the same as in high-income countries, but with a lower survival rate. • In the Asian population, ventricular septal defect is the most common type of CHD in patients with Down syndrome.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.