Observational studyClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2019
Prevalence and Etiology of Community-acquired Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Patients.
Observational study in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06755814 (Community-acquired Pneumonia in Immunosuppressed Adult Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 117 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Community-acquired Pneumonia in Immunosuppressed Adult Patients: Observational, Perspective Study, ItAlian ReGistry Of pNeumoniA in immUnocompromised paTients (ARGONAUT)
Who cites it
117 citing papers in PubMed, 249 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-term Immunogenicity of the 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine during Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Gastric and Colorectal Cancer: A 5-Year Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial.Cancer research and treatment · 2026Trial
- Pathogen-Specific PET Imaging of Pulmonary Infection Using [Chemical & biomedical imaging · 2026Article
- Ventilatory Parameters and Adjunctive Therapies Associated with ICU Mortality in Severe Pneumonia: A Large Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Epidemiology, risk factors and clinical outcome of community-acquired pneumonia in severely immunosuppressed patients: a comprehensive analysis from the multinational, prospective CAPNETZ Cohort.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- A prospective clinical study on the effectiveness ofJournal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2026Article
- Corticosteroids in immunocompromised ICU patients with pneumonia: risks, evidence, and clinical practice.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2026Review
- Diagnostic discordance and differential diagnoses of community-acquired pneumonia in the emergency department.BMC emergency medicine · 2026Article
- A multicentre case-control study about effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination against pneumonia hospitalization in at-risk adults.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2026Article
- Challenges and opportunities in the management of severe pneumonia. Key concepts from the Seventh Annual Meeting of Spanish Experts 2025.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2026Review
- Evaluation of PSI, CURB-65, and CRB-65 as prognostic tools in hospitalized immunocompetent patients with pneumonia: real-world outcomes from internal medicine wards.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2026Article
- The impact of the timing of mNGS-guided antibiotic adjustment on clinical outcomes in ICU patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia: a retrospective study.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2026Article
- CURB-65 for community-acquired pneumonia severity using severity index.Bioinformation · 2026Article
- Impact of macrolide therapy on clinical outcomes in hospitalized pneumonia patients: a retrospective study from Lebanese hospitals.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Hematogenous pulmonary abscess and septicemia due to infection with hypervirulent Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a nonimmunodeficient adolescent: a case report.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Antibiotic therapy for severe bacterial infections.Intensive care medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Evolution of Respiratory Pathogens and Antimicrobial Resistance over the COVID-19 Timeline: A Study of Hospitalized and Ambulatory Patient Populations.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Decoding Immunodeficiencies with Artificial Intelligence: A New Era of Precision Medicine.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Advocating for the recognition of underlying immunosuppression in critical illness.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Review
- A Lymphocyte Subset-Based Prediction Model for Refractory Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Immunocompetent Patients.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe correct management of immunocompromised patients with pneumonia is debated. We evaluated the prevalence, risk factors, and characteristics of immunocompromised patients coming from the community with pneumonia.
methodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of an international, multicenter study enrolling adult patients coming from the community with pneumonia and hospitalized in 222 hospitals in 54 countries worldwide. Risk factors for immunocompromise included AIDS, aplastic anemia, asplenia, hematological cancer, chemotherapy, neutropenia, biological drug use, lung transplantation, chronic steroid use, and solid tumor.
resultsAt least 1 risk factor for immunocompromise was recorded in 18% of the 3702 patients enrolled. The prevalences of risk factors significantly differed across continents and countries, with chronic steroid use (45%), hematological cancer (25%), and chemotherapy (22%) the most common. Among immunocompromised patients, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) pathogens were the most frequently identified, and prevalences did not differ from those in immunocompetent patients. Risk factors for immunocompromise were independently associated with neither Pseudomonas aeruginosa nor non-community-acquired bacteria. Specific risk factors were independently associated with fungal infections (odds ratio for AIDS and hematological cancer, 15.10 and 4.65, respectively; both P = .001), mycobacterial infections (AIDS; P = .006), and viral infections other than influenza (hematological cancer, 5.49; P < .001).
conclusionsOur findings could be considered by clinicians in prescribing empiric antibiotic therapy for CAP in immunocompromised patients. Patients with AIDS and hematological cancer admitted with CAP may have higher prevalences of fungi, mycobacteria, and noninfluenza viruses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.