Observational studyPediatrics2019
Cervical Spine Injury Risk Factors in Children With Blunt Trauma.
Observational study in Pediatrics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Triage tools for detecting cervical spine injury in paediatric trauma patients.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Mechanism of injury and special considerations as predictive of serious injury: A systematic review.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Comparison of Cervical Spine Injury Prediction Rule Across Ages.Pediatrics · 2026Article
- Comparison of Cervical Spine Injury Clinical Prediction Rules for Children After Blunt Trauma.JAMA network open · 2025Observational
- Observational
- Fast Interpretable Greedy-Tree Sums.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Pediatric cervical spine clearance: a 10-year evaluation of X-ray in evaluable patients at a level 1 pediatric trauma center.Trauma surgery & acute care open · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Indications for Applying Prehospital Spinal Motion Restriction in Children at Risk for Cervical Spine Injury.Prehospital emergency care · 2025Article
- PECARN prediction rule for cervical spine imaging of children presenting to the emergency department with blunt trauma: a multicentre prospective observational study.The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2024Observational
- Pediatric Cervical Spine Injuries and SCIWORA: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations.Neurospine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAdult prediction rules for cervical spine injury (CSI) exist; however, pediatric rules do not. Our objectives were to determine test accuracies of retrospectively identified CSI risk factors in a prospective pediatric cohort and compare them to a de novo risk model.
methodsWe conducted a 4-center, prospective observational study of children 0 to 17 years old who experienced blunt trauma and underwent emergency medical services scene response, trauma evaluation, and/or cervical imaging. Emergency department providers recorded CSI risk factors. CSIs were classified by reviewing imaging, consultations, and/or telephone follow-up. We calculated bivariable relative risks, multivariable odds ratios, and test characteristics for the retrospective risk model and a de novo model.
resultsOf 4091 enrolled children, 74 (1.8%) had CSIs. Fourteen factors had bivariable associations with CSIs: diving, axial load, clotheslining, loss of consciousness, neck pain, inability to move neck, altered mental status, signs of basilar skull fracture, torso injury, thoracic injury, intubation, respiratory distress, decreased oxygen saturation, and neurologic deficits. The retrospective model (high-risk motor vehicle crash, diving, predisposing condition, neck pain, decreased neck mobility (report or exam), altered mental status, neurologic deficits, or torso injury) was 90.5% (95% confidence interval: 83.9%-97.2%) sensitive and 45.6% (44.0%-47.1%) specific for CSIs. The de novo model (diving, axial load, neck pain, inability to move neck, altered mental status, intubation, or respiratory distress) was 92.0% (85.7%-98.1%) sensitive and 50.3% (48.7%-51.8%) specific.
conclusionsOur findings support previously identified pediatric CSI risk factors and prospective pediatric CSI prediction rule development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.