ReviewJournal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH2019
Sex matters: Practice 5P's when treating young women with venous thromboembolism.
Review in Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recommendations from guidelines for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in pregnant women with inherited thrombophilia.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2026Review
- FDA-approved drug repurposing in zebrafish identifies thyroid hormone and other compounds as potential antithrombotics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Anticoagulation Management: Current Landscape and Future Trends.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Hormone-related thrombosis: duration of anticoagulation, risk of recurrence, and the role of hypercoagulability testing.Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program · 2024Review
- Heavy menstrual bleeding on direct factor Xa inhibitors: the MEDEA randomized clinical trial.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2024Article
- Venous thromboembolism among physically active young adult females.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2023Article
- Sex differences in guideline-consistent diagnostic testing for acute pulmonary embolism among adult emergency department patients aged 18-49.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2023Article
- How do anticoagulants impact menstrual bleeding and quality of life? - The PERIOD study.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2023Article
- Special Considerations for Women of Reproductive Age on Anticoagulation.Journal of general internal medicine · 2022Review
- Sex-specific aspects of venous thromboembolism: What is new and what is next?Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2022Review
- Article
- Which patients are at high risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism (deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism)?Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program · 2020Article
- Which patients are at high risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism (deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism)?Blood advances · 2020Review
- Sex matters: Practice 5P's when treating young women with venous thromboembolism.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2019Review
- Thrombosis in Children: A Retrospective Study from a Single-center Database.In vivo (Athens, Greece)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sex matters when it comes to venous thromboembolism (VTE). We defined 5P's - period, pill, prognosis, pregnancy, and postthrombotic syndrome - that should be discussed with young women with VTE. Menstrual blood loss (Period) can be aggravated by anticoagulant therapy. This seems particularly true for direct oral anticoagulants. Abnormal uterine bleeding can be managed by hormonal therapy, tranexamic acid, or modification of treatment. The use of combined oral contraceptives (Pill) is a risk factor for VTE. The magnitude of the risk depends on progestagen types and estrogen doses used. In women using therapeutic anticoagulation, concomitant hormonal therapy does not increase the risk of recurrent VTE. Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine devices and low-dose progestin-only pills do not increase the risk of VTE. In young women VTE is often provoked by transient hormonal risk factors that affects prognosis. Sex is incorporated as predictor in recurrent VTE risk assessment models. However, current guidelines do not propose using these to guide treatment duration. Pregnancy increases the risk of VTE by 4-fold to 5-fold. Thrombophilia and obstetric risk factors further increase the risk of pregnancy-related VTE. In women with a history of VTE, the risk of recurrence during pregnancy or post partum appears to be influenced by risk factors present during the first VTE. In most women with a history of VTE, antepartum and postpartum thromboprophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparin is indicated. Women generally are affected by VTE at a younger age then men, and they have to deal with long-term complications (Post-thrombotic syndrome) of deep vein thrombosis early in life.
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