ArticlePloS one2019
Antenatal exposure to second hand smoke of non-smoking mothers and growth rate of their infants.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chemical Components in the Breast Milk of Passive Smoker Women: A Systematic Review and Health Risks Assessment.Biological trace element research · 2025Pooled it
- Potentially toxic metals in umbilical cord blood as a biomarker for passive smoker women.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Associations Between Secondhand Smoke Exposure During Pregnancy and Preterm Birth.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Are Brain and Cognitive Reserve Shaped by Early Life Circumstances?Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- Association between Self-Reported Survey Measures and Biomarkers of Second-Hand Tobacco Smoke Exposure in Non-Smoking Pregnant Women.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Low birthweight of children is positively associated with mother's prenatal tobacco smoke exposure in Shanghai: a cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2020Observational
- The association between secondhand smoke exposure and growth outcomes of children: A systematic literature review.Tobacco induced diseases · 2020Review
- The association between maternal exposure to secondhand smoke during pregnancy and their children's cerebral palsy, Shandong, China.Tobacco induced diseases · 2020Article
- Mothers' prenatal tobacco smoke exposure is positively associated with the occurrence of developmental coordination disorder among children aged 3-6 years: A cross-sectional study in a rural area of Shanghai, China.Tobacco induced diseases · 2020Article
- Secondhand Smoke Exposure during Pregnancy and its Effect on Birth Outcomes: Evidence from a Retrospective Cohort Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bengaluru.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social MedicineArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThere is limited evidence on the effect of exposure to second hand smoke (SHS) in non-smoking pregnant mothers and infant health. We assessed the effects of maternal antenatal exposure to SHS on infant growth rate, and secondarily, on birth weight, birth length and head circumference at birth.
methodsIn this prospective cohort, 305 mother-infant pairs were studied. Mothers filled out questionnaires about exposure to SHS in pregnancy at the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Infant anthropometry was performed at birth, day 7, and months 1, 2, 4, and 6, postnatally. Linear mixed modeling and linear regression were used to calculate growth rates over the first 6 months. The association between SHS-exposure with growth rate and birth sizes was assessed using multivariate linear regression adjusted for confounders, with SHS as both number of cigarettes and as groups (no exposure, SHS < 23 cigarettes, SHS ≥ 23 cigarettes).
resultsSeventy-three mothers were not exposed and 232 were exposed. SHS exposure (per cigarette) was not related to gain in weight, length, head circumference, and weight for length. However, infants born to mothers exposed to ≥ 23 cigarettes/d had lower head circumference gain (-0.32 mm/m, 95% CI -0.60, -0.03) than those born to non-exposed mothers. SHS exposure (per cigarette) was not related to birth weight, length, and head circumference, but exposure to ≥ 23 cigarettes was related to lower head circumference at birth (-11.09 mm, -20.03, -2.16).
conclusionsHeavy antenatal exposure to SHS in non-smoking mothers results in reduced neonatal head circumference at birth and head circumference gain over the first 6 months of life. Our findings show no clear relations between exposure to SHS during pregnancy and other markers of neonatal growth and birth size.
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