ArticleDiseases (Basel, Switzerland)2019
Clinical Impact of the Increase in Immunosuppressive Cell-Related Gene Expression in Urine Sediment during Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin.
Article in Diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Changes of urinary immunity and microbiome after intravesical BCG therapy and their association with outcomes in NMIBC.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2026Article
- Urine PD-L1 as a non-invasive biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in bladder cancer.Advances in biomarker sciences and technology · 2025Article
- Article
- Pan-cancer analysis identifies PD-L2 as a tumor promotor in the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Review
- Detection of PD-L1 in the urine of patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Observational
- Article
- Article
- Prognostic significance of pre- and post-treatment PD-L1 expression in patients with primary high-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with BCG immunotherapy.World journal of urology · 2020Article
- Serum metabolomic analysis identified serum biomarkers predicting tumour recurrence after Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.Bladder cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical impact of intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-induced changes in blood/urinary immune markers.
methodsTime-course changes in blood/urinary clinical parameters and mRNA expression of 13 genes in urine sediment taken eight times during the treatment course of intravesical BCG (before, every 2 weeks for 8 weeks, and after) in 24 patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. The genes examined include cellular markers of four immune checkpoint proteins (PD-L1, PD-L2, PD-1, and CTLA-4), immunosuppressive cells (regulatory T cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells), pan-T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
resultsSignificant transient increase in gene expression was observed for PD-L1, PD-1, FOXP3, and CD204 at 6-8 doses of BCG. The patients were stratified into two groups depending on the number of genes with increased mRNA expression. Fourteen (58%) had 0-1 genes upregulated, while 10 (42%) had 2-4 genes with increased expression. No patient in the 0-1 group experienced recurrence, while 70% of patients in the 2-4 group experienced recurrence (
conclusionsOur findings suggested that increases in more than one of PD-L1, PD-1, FOXP3, and CD204, expression in the urine sediments was associated with resistance to BCG treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.