ArticleBMC medical informatics and decision making2019
The past, present and future of opioid withdrawal assessment: a scoping review of scales and technologies.
Article in BMC medical informatics and decision making, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evidence of heterogeneity in the opioid withdrawal syndrome: Spontaneous and precipitated withdrawal.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2026Article
- Making Sense: Treating Patients with Opioid Use Disorder through the Lens of Game Theory.Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives · 2024Article
- Clinically meaningful individual differences in opioid withdrawal expression.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2023Article
- Nucleus accumbens D1/D2 circuits control opioid withdrawal symptoms in mice.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023Article
- An Artificial Intelligence-Based Smartphone App for Assessing the Risk of Opioid Misuse in Working Populations Using Synthetic Data: Pilot Development Study.JMIR formative research · 2023Article
- Leveraging Accelerometry as a Prognostic Indicator for Increase in Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms.Biosensors · 2022Article
- Interobserver agreement between emergency clinicians and nurses for Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2021Article
- Data Needs in Opioid Systems Modeling: Challenges and Future Directions.American journal of preventive medicine · 2021Article
- Identifying Opioid Withdrawal Using Wearable Biosensors.Proceedings of the ... Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences · 2021Article
- Technologies for Opioid Use Disorder Management: Mobile App Search and Scoping Review.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2020Article
- Correction to: The past, present and future of opioid withdrawal assessment: a scoping review of scales and technologies.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA common challenge with all opioid use disorder treatment paths is withdrawal management. When withdrawal symptoms are not effectively monitored and managed, they lead to relapse which often leads to deadly overdose. A prerequisite for effective opioid withdrawal management is early identification and assessment of withdrawal symptoms.
objectiveThe objective of this research was to describe the type and content of opioid withdrawal monitoring methods, including surveys, scales and technology, to identify gaps in research and practice that could inform the design and development of novel withdrawal management technologies.
methodsA scoping review of literature was conducted. PubMed, EMBASE and Google Scholar were searched using a combination of search terms.
resultsWithdrawal scales are the main method of assessing and quantifying opioid withdrawal intensity. The search yielded 18 different opioid withdrawal scales used within the last 80 years. While traditional opioid withdrawal scales for patient monitoring are commonly used, most scales rely heavily on patients' self-report and frequent observations, and generally suffer from lack of consensus on the criteria used for evaluation, mode of administration, type of reporting (e.g., scales used), frequency of administration, and assessment window.
conclusionsIt is timely to investigate how opioid withdrawal scales can be complemented or replaced with reliable monitoring technologies. Use of noninvasive wearable sensors to continuously monitor physiologic changes associated with opioid withdrawal represents a potential to extend monitoring outside clinical setting.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.