ArticleBMC infectious diseases2019
Factors associated with first-line antiretroviral treatment failure in adult HIV-positive patients: a case-control study from Ethiopia.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Virologic failure and its determinants among HIV patients progress towards the third 95% global target in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Predictors of Clinical Outcomes Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Tuberculosis Symptoms After Rapid Treatment Initiation in Haiti.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Predictors of Clinical Outcomes among People with HIV and Tuberculosis Symptoms after Rapid Treatment Initiation in Haiti.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Effect of tenofovir containing ART on renal function in patients with moderate/severe reduced creatinine clearance at baseline: A retrospective study at two referral hospitals in Namibia.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2023Article
- Antiretroviral treatment failure and associated factors among people living with HIV on therapy in Homa Bay, Kenya: A retrospective study.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Determinants of therapy failure among adults on first-line antiretroviral therapy in Asmara, Eritrea: a multicenter retrospective matched case-control study.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Prediction-driven pooled testing methods: Application to HIV treatment monitoring in Rakai, Uganda.Statistics in medicine · 2021Article
- First line antiretroviral treatment failure and associated factors among people living with HIV in northwest Ethiopia.African health sciences · 2021Article
- Immunological Treatment Failure Among Adult Patients Receiving Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in East Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental · 2021Review
- Determinants of first-line antiretroviral treatment failure among adult HIV patients at Nekemte Specialized Hospital, Western Ethiopia: Unmatched case-control study.SAGE open medicine · 2021Article
- Effect of AIDS-defining events at initiation of antiretroviral therapy on long-term mortality of HIV/AIDS patients in Southwestern China: a retrospective cohort study.AIDS research and therapy · 2020Observational
- Early nutritional supplementation in non-critically ill patients hospitalized for the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Rationale and feasibility of a shared pragmatic protocol.Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) · 2020Article
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Abstract
backgroundTreatment failure has become a significant challenge in patients taking antiretroviral therapy (ART). The aim of the present study was to identify risk factors for first-line ART failure among patients attending clinical follow-up.
methodsA 1:2 matched case-control study (by age, sex, and treatment duration since initiated on ART) was conducted from June 2015 to July 2017 on adult patients (aged ≥15 years) who were on ART for at least 6 months. Cases were selected from patients who were switched to second-line ART after first-line ART failure (viral load ≥1000 copies/mL). Controls were randomly selected from patients on first-line ART with viral load < 50 copies/mL. Data were collected using an interview questionnaire, reviewing chart and electronic health records and laboratory tests. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for treatment failure.
resultsOf the 273 patients who participated in this study, 55% were males. Ninety-one cases were compared with 182 controls. The median age of participants was 40 years and the median duration of treatment since initiated on ART was 69 months. Independent risk factors associated with first-line antiretroviral treatment failure were discontinuation of ART (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 9.8, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.0-23.8), baseline CD4 lymphocyte count ≤50 cells/mm
conclusionsOur findings underscore the importance of avoiding ART discontinuation of any duration, early initiation of ART and diarrhea management to prevent first-line ART failure.
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