ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2019
Vicarious Racism Stress and Disease Activity: the Black Women's Experiences Living with Lupus (BeWELL) Study.
Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Everyday Discrimination on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity and Mental Health Outcomes.The Journal of rheumatology · 2026Article
- The relationship between Black Americans' exposure to vicarious racism and collective action.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Perceptions of black women with systemic lupus erythematosus on continuity in care coordination: a mixed methods pilot study conducted in the USA.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Skin-deep resilience in the Black women's experiences living with lupus study.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2025Article
- The Role of Friendship in Mediating and Moderating the Relationship Between Exposure to Gendered Racism and Mental Health among Young Women of Color.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2025Article
- Patient-Reported Factors Influencing Clinical Trial Participation: An In-depth Analysis of Patients With Lupus and Rheumatoid Arthritis.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Review
- Vicarious Racism, Direct Racism, and Mental Health Among Racialized Minority Healthcare Workers.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Racial differences in clinical trial perceptions among a large, predominantly Black cohort of people with systemic lupus erythematosus in the Southeastern USA.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Article
- Racial Disparities and Achievement of the Low Lupus Disease Activity State: A CARRA Registry Study.Arthritis care & research · 2025Article
- "I Could Feel His Sadness and Disdain as He Told Me": A Qualitative Analysis of Black Women's Accounts of Vicarious Racism.Sociological perspectives : SP : official publication of the Pacific Sociological Association · 2024Article
- Lupus and other autoimmune diseases: Epidemiology in the population of African ancestry and diagnostic and management challenges in Africa.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2024Review
- Research Priorities in Pediatric Asthma Morbidity: Addressing the Impacts of Systemic Racism on Children with Asthma in the United States. An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2024Article
- Particles and Prejudice: Nanomedicine Approaches to Reducing Health Disparities in Endometrial Cancer.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2024Review
- Associations between vicarious racism and psychoactive substance use depend on strength of ethnic identity.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Influence of Children's Discrimination Experiences on Parents' Mental and Self-Rated Health: Results from the National Health Interview Survey.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Positive psychosocial factors may protect against perceived stress in people with systemic lupus erythematosus with and without trauma history.Lupus science & medicine · 2024Article
- Distress about social problems and tobacco and cannabis use outcomes among young adults in Los Angeles County.Preventive medicine · 2024Article
- Associations between CD70 methylation of T cell DNA and age in adults with systemic lupus erythematosus and population controls: The Michigan Lupus Epidemiology & Surveillance (MILES) Program.Journal of autoimmunity · 2024Article
- Sociodemographic profiles and organ damage accural in the Black Women's Experience Living with Lupus study.Lupus · 2024Article
- Development and Validation of the Vicarious Racism in Healthcare Workers Scale.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIndirect or vicarious exposure to racism (e.g., hearing about or observing acts of racism or discrimination) is a salient source of stress for African Americans. Emerging research suggests that these "secondhand" experiences of racism may contribute to racial health inequities through stress-mediated pathways. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease that disproportionately impacts African American women and is characterized by racial disparities in severity. Health outcomes in this population may be susceptible to vicarious racism given that SLE is shown to be sensitive to psychosocial stress.
methodsData are from 431 African American women with SLE living in Atlanta, Georgia in the Black Women's Experiences Living with Lupus (BeWELL) Study (2015-2017). Vicarious racism stress was measured with four items assessing distress from (1) hearing about racism in the news; (2) experiences of racism among friends or family; (3) witnessing racism in public; and (4) racism depicted in movies and television shows. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine associations with disease activity measured using the Systemic Lupus Activity Questionnaire.
resultsAdjusting for sociodemographic and health-related covariates, vicarious racism stress was associated with greater disease activity (b = 2.15; 95% CI = 1.04-3.27). This association persisted even after adjustment for personal experiences of racial discrimination (b = 1.80; 95% CI = 0.67-2.92).
conclusionsVicarious racism may result in heightened disease activity and contribute to racial disparities in SLE. Our findings suggest that acts of racism committed against members of one's racial group may have distinct health consequences beyond the immediate victim or target.
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Registered trials
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