Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31215015›Full record

ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2019

Health Care Disparities: a Practical Approach to Teach Residents about Self-Bias and Patient Communication.

Maria Kokas, Joseph W Fakhoury, Mara Hoffert, Sarah Whitehouse, Meredith Van Harn, Kimberly Baker-Genaw

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Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Maria KokasMedical Education, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 West Grand Blvd., CFP-1, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA. mkokas1@hfhs.org.ORCID 0000-0002-6719-9419
Joseph W FakhouryWayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
Mara HoffertMedical Education, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 West Grand Blvd., CFP-1, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
Sarah WhitehouseMedical Education, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 West Grand Blvd., CFP-1, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
Meredith Van HarnPublic Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.
Kimberly Baker-GenawMedical Education, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 West Grand Blvd., CFP-1, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Studies have shown that the education of resident physicians on health care disparities (HCDs) needs improvement. We implemented a system-wide program on HCD for residents and evaluated outcomes across 1 year. Designed in 2015 by a multidisciplinary team, the HCD program incorporated information about our health system's patient population and the tenets of unconscious bias. We used the ask-tell-ask model of communication to teach trainees how to identify patients' barriers to health care. In 2016, resident participants in the HCD program were asked to complete a modified version of the Bonham and Sellers RACE survey, which measures consideration of race in clinical care, at four time-points (pre-, post-, 3-months post-, and 1-year post-intervention). Of 186 PGY2 residents who completed the HCD program, 108 (58%) completed all 4 surveys across 1 year. The modified Bonham and Sellers RACE survey yielded a Cronbach's alpha of 0.885 and communality for the six questions ranging from 0.543 to 0.727. Using the modified RACE survey, resident respondents showed overall significantly increased consideration of race in clinical care from pre- to post-intervention time-points (p < 0.001). This study of our program on health care disparities showed that resident survey respondents increased self-reported consideration of race in clinical care after the intervention across 1 year.

Indexed as

BiasCommunicationPhysician-Patient RelationsCurriculumHealthcare DisparitiesHumansInternship and ResidencyProgram EvaluationReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and QuestionnairesBias/stereotypingCommunication skillsCommunity healthHealth care disparitiesMedical educationMulticultural healthPatient carePatient safetyPersonal biasPhysician training

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.