ReviewFrontiers in immunology2019
Cytokines in the Respiratory Airway as Biomarkers of Severity and Prognosis for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: An Update.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05378022 (Application of LiveSpo Navax in Treatment of Acute Respiratory Disease in Children Infected With Influenza Virus), which is not on this map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Application of LiveSpo Navax in Treatment of Acute Respiratory Disease in Children Infected With Influenza Virus
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nasal-spraying Bacillus spores as an effective symptomatic treatment for children with acute respiratory syncytial virus infection.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Article
- Generation of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived lung organoids for modeling respiratory syncytial virus infection and pulmonary injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Venenum bufonis and its active constituents alleviate RSV-induced pneumonia in mice by suppressing macrophage infiltration and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.Virus research · 2026Article
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Nonstructural Protein 1 Inhibits Production of Cytokines and Chemokines by Differentiated Primary Nasal Epithelial Cells Cultured at Air-Liquid Interface.Journal of innate immunity · 2026Article
- Immunopathogenesis of severe pneumonia in children with emphasis on CD4+ T cells, Tim-3 and cytokine-mediated immune dysregulation.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Review
- Activated Interferon-γ-Positive T Lymphocytes and Cytokine Signatures in Patients With Postinfectious Cough.MedComm · 2025Article
- Berberine alleviates respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced pediatric bronchiolitis and fibrosis via suppressing the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB pathway.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Predictive Factors and Clinical Markers of Recurrent Wheezing and Asthma After RSV Infection.Viruses · 2025Review
- Development of a point-of-care test for the simultaneous detection of respiratory syncytial virus and IL-33 as a disease biomarker in children.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Article
- Systemic IL-10 and IFN-γ Levels in Respiratory Syncytial Virus- and Rhinovirus-Infected Bulgarian Children with Acute Bronchiolitis and Their Impact on Clinical Manifestation.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Comparison of characteristics and immune responses between paired human nasal and bronchial epithelial organoids.Cell & bioscience · 2025Article
- Thymic stromal lymphopoietin in leukemia: A double-edged sword?Leukemia research reports · 2025Review
- Article
- A contemporary strain of RSV activates primary human monocytes after abortive infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Impact of social distancing from the COVID-19 pandemic on the immuno-inflammatory response of older adults.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Andrographolide Attenuates RSV-induced Inflammation by Suppressing Apoptosis and Promoting Pyroptosis after Respiratory Syncytial Virus InfectionCombinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2024Article
- Bacterial small RNAs may mediate immune response differences seen in respiratory syncytial virus versus rhinovirus bronchiolitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is one of the most important causes of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children and the main cause of bronchiolitis worldwide. Disease manifestations caused by hRSV may vary from mild to severe, occasionally requiring admission and hospitalization in intensive care units. Despite the high morbidity rates associated to bronchiolitis, treatment options against hRSV are limited and there are no current vaccination strategies to prevent infection. Importantly, the early identification of high-risk patients can help improve disease management and prevent complications associated with hRSV infection. Recently, the characterization of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine patterns produced during hRSV-related inflammatory processes has allowed the identification of potential prognosis biomarkers. A suitable biomarker should allow predicting the severity of the infection in a simple and opportune manner and should ideally be obtained from non-invasive samples. Among the cytokines associated with hRSV disease severity, IL-8, interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha), and IL-6, as well as the Th2-type cytokines thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), IL-3, and IL-33 have been highlighted as molecules with prognostic value in hRSV infections. In this review, we discuss current studies that describe molecules produced by patients during hRSV infection and their potential as biomarkers to anticipate the severity of the disease caused by this virus.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.