ReviewCells2019
The Role of Micronutrients in the Infection and Subsequent Response to Hepatitis C Virus.
Review in Cells, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nutritional perspectives for the prevention and mitigation of COVID-19.Nutrition reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Hepatitis C Virus: An Overview of Its Chronic Impact on Liver Function, Metabolic Dysregulation, Inflammatory-Oxidative Pathogenesis and Epigenetic Memory.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Antiviral potential of zinc ion: mechanisms and applications in viral infections.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Role of CALCR expression in liver cancer: Implications for the immunotherapy response.Molecular medicine reports · 2025Article
- Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection: From Basics to Clinical and Nutritional Management.Clinics and practice · 2024Review
- The Link between Inflammation, Lipid Derivatives, and Microbiota Metabolites in COVID-19 Patients: Implications on Eating Behaviors and Nutritional Status.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Article
- Effect of Organic Selenium on the Homeostasis of Trace Elements, Lipid Peroxidation, and mRNA Expression of Antioxidant Proteins in Mouse Organs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- An overview on role of nutrition on COVID-19 immunity: Accumulative review from available studies.Clinical nutrition open science · 2023Review
- Symptom Profile of Patients With Post-COVID-19 Conditions and Influencing Factors for Recovery.Journal of clinical medicine research · 2023Article
- Vitamin D Deficiency (VDD) and Susceptibility towards Severe Dengue Fever-A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study of Hospitalized Dengue Fever Patients from Lahore, Pakistan.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- Protein-Coding Region Derived Small RNA in Exosomes from Influenza A Virus-Infected Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Review
- Zinc and Respiratory Viral Infections: Important Trace Element in Anti-viral Response and Immune Regulation.Biological trace element research · 2022Review
- Immunomodulatory effects of zinc and its impact on COVID-19 severity.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2022Article
- Retinoids in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Liver Diseases.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Micronutrient Improvement of Epithelial Barrier Function in Various Disease States: A Case for Adjuvant Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Review
- Association of serum zinc level and clinical outcome in Egyptian COVID-19 patients.The Egyptian journal of internal medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Micronutrient deficiencies develop for a variety of reasons, whether geographic, socioeconomic, nutritional, or as a result of disease pathologies such as chronic viral infection. As micronutrients are essential for a strong immune response, deficiencies can significantly dampen both the innate and the adaptive arms of antiviral immunity. The innate immune response in particular is crucial to protect against hepatitis C virus (HCV), a hepatotropic virus that maintains chronic infection in up to 80% of individuals if left untreated. While many micronutrients are required for HCV replication, an overlapping group of micronutrients are also necessary to enact a potent immune response. As the liver is responsible for the storage and metabolism of many micronutrients, HCV persistence can influence the micronutrients' steady state to benefit viral persistence both directly and by weakening the antiviral response. This review will focus on common micronutrients such as zinc, iron, copper, selenium, vitamin A, vitamin B12, vitamin D and vitamin E. We will explore their role in the pathogenesis of HCV infection and in the response to antiviral therapy. While chronic hepatitis C virus infection drives deficiencies in micronutrients such as zinc, selenium, vitamin A and B12, it also stimulates copper and iron excess; these micronutrients influence antioxidant, inflammatory and immune responses to HCV.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.