SynthesisWorld journal of gastroenterology2019
Association of proton pump inhibitors with risk of hepatic encephalopathy in advanced liver disease: A meta-analysis.
Synthesis in World journal of gastroenterology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Proton pump inhibitor use and mortality in patients with cirrhosis: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.Bioscience reports · 2020Pooled it
- The effect of the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) on complications in patients with cirrhosis.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Proton Pump Inhibitor Use Following Esophageal Variceal Ligation and Its Impact on Clinical Outcomes: Real-World Data from the TriNetX Global Collaborative Network.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Microbial Approaches to Treat and Prevent Hepatic Encephalopathy.Gastroenterology clinics of North America · 2025Review
- Proton Pump Inhibitors in Patients with Cirrhosis: Pharmacokinetics, Benefits and Drawbacks.Current gastroenterology reports · 2024Review
- Article
- Forgettable in the care of liver cirrhosis: the unseen culprits of progression from bad to worse.Przeglad gastroenterologiczny · 2024Review
- Adverse Effects Associated with Long-Term Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors.Chonnam medical journal · 2023Review
- Electroencephalography Signatures for Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis Patients Treated with Proton Pump Inhibitors: An Exploratory Pilot Study.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Impact of proton pump inhibitors on the in-hospital outcome of COVID-19 patients: a retrospective study.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2022Article
- Adverse Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors-Evidence and Plausibility.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSeveral studies have explored the association between the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and the risk of developing hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in patients with advanced liver disease. However, the evidence-based conclusions are controversial. We hypothesized that using PPIs may increase the risk of HE in patients with advanced liver disease. If confirmed, clinicians must strictly adhere to the indications for PPI treatment in this population.
aimTo evaluate the pooled risk of HE in patients with advanced liver disease who use PPIs.
methodsThree electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library) were searched from the date of database inception through January 8, 2019 to identify comparative studies evaluating the association between PPI use and the risk of HE. Data from the included studies were extracted. The random-effects model was used for pooling risk estimates and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also performed.
resultsIn total, 4342 patients from five case-control studies and 188053 patients from four cohort studies were included in this analysis. In patients with advanced liver disease, PPI use was associated with an elevated risk of developing HE, with significant heterogeneity. The pooled odds ratio for case-control studies was 2.58 (95%CI: 1.68-3.94,
conclusionIn patients with advanced liver disease, PPI use is associated with an elevated risk of HE. Future large prospective studies are needed to confirm this association.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.