ArticleThe British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners2019
Socioeconomic deprivation scores as predictors of variations in NHS practice payments: a longitudinal study of English general practices 2013-2017.
Article in The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Equitable inclusion of patients with cancer on the palliative care register: a systematic review in primary care.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2025Pooled it
- Deprivation scores and NHS practice payment trends in England 2018-2019 to 2023-2024:a multivariable analysis.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2026Article
- Counting general practitioners: a comparative repeat cross-sectional analysis of GPs in NHS general practice in England.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2026Article
- Adjusting primary-care funding by deprivation: a cross-sectional study of Lower layer Super Output Areas in England.BJGP open · 2025Article
- GP working time and supply, and patient demand in England in 2015-2022: a retrospective study.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2024Observational
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- The decline in relationship continuity in England: can a European perspective help?The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2024Article
- Exploring whether primary care networks can contribute to the national goal of reducing health inequalities: a mixed-methods study.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2024Article
- The performance of general practice in the English National Health Service (NHS): an analysis using Starfield's framework for primary care.Health affairs scholar · 2024Article
- Natural history and burden of Huntington's disease in the UK: A population-based cohort study.European journal of neurology · 2022Article
- Inequalities in the distribution of the general practice workforce in England: a practice-level longitudinal analysis.BJGP open · 2021Article
- Transforming health systems to reduce health inequalities.Future healthcare journal · 2021Article
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- Shortfalls of funding for general practice in deprived areas.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2020Article
- Inequalities.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2020Article
- Dynamism has a downside.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2019Article
- Building equity in the NHS: the role of general practice.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA previous study found that variables related to population health needs were poor predictors of cross-sectional variations in practice payments.
aimTo investigate whether deprivation scores predicted variations in the increase over time of total payments to general practices per patient, after adjustment for potential confounders. DESIGN AND
settingLongitudinal multilevel model for 2013-2017; 6900 practices (84.4% of English practices).
methodPractices were excluded if total adjusted payments per patient were <£10 or >£500 per patient or if deprivation scores were missing. Main outcome measures were adjusted total NHS payments; calculated by dividing total NHS payments, after deductions and premises payments, by the number of registered patients in each practice. A total of 17 independent variables relating to practice population and organisational factors were included in the model after checking for collinearity.
resultsAfter adjustment for confounders and the logarithmic transformation of the dependent and main independent variables (due to extremely skewed [positive] distribution of payments), practice deprivation scores predicted very weakly longitudinal variations in total payments' slopes. For each 10% increase in the Index of Multiple Deprivation score, practice payments increased by only 0.06%. The large sample size probably explains why eight of the 17 confounders were significant predictors, but with very small coefficients. Most of the variability was at practice level (intraclass correlation = 0.81).
conclusionThe existing NHS practice payment formula has demonstrated very little redistributive potential and is unlikely to substantially narrow funding gaps between practices with differing workloads caused by the impact of deprivation.
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