Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31208330›Full record

ArticleBMC cardiovascular disorders2019

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with risk of developing peripheral arterial disease in type 2 diabetic patients.

Jing Yuan, Pu Jia, Lin Hua, Zhong Xin, Jin-Kui Yang

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

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  9. Epidemiology and Burden of Peripheral Artery Disease in People With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Literature Review.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2024
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Non-classical monocytes frequency and serum vitamin DJournal of diabetes investigation · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jing YuanDepartment of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 1 Dong Jiao Min Xiang, Beijing, 100730, China.
Pu JiaDepartment of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
Lin HuaDepartment of Mathematics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
Zhong XinDepartment of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 1 Dong Jiao Min Xiang, Beijing, 100730, China.
Jin-Kui YangDepartment of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 1 Dong Jiao Min Xiang, Beijing, 100730, China. jkyang@ccmu.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0002-5430-2149
Beijing Tongren Hospital · CNCapital Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe relationship between vitamin D levels and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) remains unclear. We assessed the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels with the prevalence of PAD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).

methodsA total of 1018 T2DM patients participated in this cross-sectional study. Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured and risk factors of PAD were recorded. PAD was diagnosed as an ankle-brachial index (ABI) < 0.9.

resultsThe mean age of the diabetic patients was 58.59 ± 11.34 years. Of all the patients, only 20.1% had a 25(OH)D level ≥ 20 ng/mL. Compared to patients without PAD, serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in those with PAD (14.81 ± 8.43 vs. 11.55 ± 5.65 ng/mL, P < 0.001). The overall prevalence of PAD was 7.7%. From the highest level (≥ 20 ng/mL) to the lowest level (< 10 ng/mL) of serum 25(OH)D, the prevalence of PAD was 2.8, 7.5 and 10.7% respectively. After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking status and season, compared to patients with serum 25(OH)D levels ≥20 ng/mL, the odds ratios of PAD in patients with a level of 10 to < 20 ng/mL and < 10 ng/mL was 3.587(95% CI: 1.314-9.790) and 5.540(95% CI: 2.004-15.320), respectively. When further considering the influence of coronary heart disease (CHD), hypertension and cerebral infarction, the ratios changed to 3.824(95% CI: 1.378-10.615) and 5.729(95% CI: 2.028-16.187), respectively. And after further adjustment for the duration of diabetes, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR), the ratios changed to 3.489(95% CI: 1.100-11.062) and 3.872(95% CI: 1.168-12.841), respectively.

conclusionsReduced serum vitamin D levels were associated with an increased risk of PAD in T2DM patients. Randomized interventive clinical studies are required to verify the effects of vitamin D supplementation on PAD.

Indexed as

AgedBiomarkersBlood GlucoseChinaCross-Sectional StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic AngiopathiesFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansMaleMiddle AgedPeripheral Arterial DiseasePrevalenceRisk AssessmentRisk Factors25-hydroxyvitamin DBiomarkersBlood GlucoseGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humanVitamin D25-hydroxyvitamin DPeripheral arterial diseaseType 2 diabetesVitamin D deficiency

Identifiers

PMID31208330
PMCPMC6580529
OpenAlexW2951352698

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.