ArticleJournal of diabetes investigation2020
Dementia risk by combinations of metabolic diseases and body mass index: Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of diabetes investigation, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Independent and Combined Effects of Obesity and Cardiovascular Diseases on the Risk of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies Involving 8,276,914 Participants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- The Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the management of elevated blood pressure and hypertension 2025 (JSH2025).Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Guideline
- BRAIN-Diabetes: Acceptability of an adapted FINGER multidomain intervention among adults living with type 2 diabetes in rural border regions across the island of Ireland.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Trial
- Epidemiological and clinical evidence on blood pressure management for the prevention of dementia: striving for a healthy 100-year life.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Relationship between obesity indices and cognitive function in Japanese men: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Utilization of Japanese long-term care-related data including Kaigo-DB: An analysis of current trends and future directions.Global health & medicine · 2024Review
- Reduction in the incidence of cognitive impairment and related costs through an innovative health awareness programme in rural Japan.PloS one · 2024Observational
- CKD, Brain Atrophy, and White Matter Lesion Volume: The Japan Prospective Studies Collaboration for Aging and Dementia.Kidney medicine · 2023Article
- Associations among Body Mass Index, Waist-to-Hip Ratio, and Cognitive Impairment Tend to Follow an Opposite Trend and Are Sex Specific: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study in a Rural Area of Xi'an, China.Neuroepidemiology · 2023Article
- Decreased circulating branched-chain amino acids are associated with development of Alzheimer's disease in elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- The Lifelong Health Support 10: a Japanese prescription for a long and healthy life.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2022Review
- Association between Visceral Fat and Brain Structural Changes or Cognitive Function.Brain sciences · 2021Article
- All-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in underweight patients with diabetic nephropathy: BioBank Japan cohort.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2021Article
- Risk Factors for Dementia Incidence Based on Previous Results of the Specific Health Checkups in Japan.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Observational
- Dementia risk by combinations of metabolic diseases and body mass index: Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study Cohort Study.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
AIMS/
introductionTo compare the dementia risk associated with pre-existing diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥25 kg/m MATERIALS AND
methodsWe used data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. Participants completed a health checkup in 2010 and were followed for 5.8 years on average. Dementia was measured by municipal long-term care insurance registration. Diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity and underweight were diagnosed by medication use or health examination results. We calculated the incidence of dementia and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs).
resultsAmong 3,696 participating older adults, 338 developed dementia. Adjusted HRs (95% confidence intervals) in men and women (reference: those without corresponding disease of normal weight) were as follows: 2.22 (1.26-3.90) and 2.00 (1.07-3.74) for diabetes; 0.56 (0.29-1.10) and 1.05 (0.64-1.71) for hypertension; 1.30 (0.87-1.94) and 0.73 (0.49-1.08) for dyslipidemia; 0.73 (0.42-1.28) and 0.82 (0.49-1.37) for BMI of 25-29.9 kg/m
conclusionsAmong Japanese older adults, underweight and prevalent diabetes are risk factors for developing dementia. Lower BMI is also associated with a higher incidence of dementia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.