ArticleCancer2019
Glioma incidence and survival variations by county-level socioeconomic measures.
Article in Cancer, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- The global prevalence of primary central nervous system tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of medical research · 2023Pooled it
- Factors Explaining Socio-Economic Inequalities in Cancer Survival: A Systematic Review.Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer CenterPooled it
- Grading of glioma and prediction of IDH mutation status via longitudinal relaxation time in rotating frame mapping on 5-T magnetic resonance imaging: added value to amide proton transfer-weighted imaging.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Protocol for neuro-oncology anywhere 242: Pilot study evaluating telehealth and in-person assessments in patients with glioma receiving oral chemotherapy.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2026Article
- Race and Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks: Concerning Associations after Endonasal Transsphenoidal Pituitary Resection.Journal of neurological surgery. Part B, Skull base · 2026Article
- The impact of neighborhood-level disadvantage on symptoms, mood, and health-related quality of life among the primary brain tumor population.Neuro-oncology practice · 2026Article
- Educational and regional differences in population-based incidence and survival of primary central nervous system lymphoma in Finland.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Socioeconomic disparities in patient-reported outcomes, health literacy, and access to care among patients with primary brain tumors: findings from the All of Us Research Program.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Gaps in Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcomes Among Patients with Brain Tumors in the United States: A State-of-the-Art Review.Cancers · 2025Review
- Trends in central nervous system cancers mortality in the United States and the underlying sociodemographic determinants, 1999-2020.European journal of public health · 2025Article
- Determinants of poor prognosis after surgery for glioblastoma: A retrospective analysis of predictors of morbidity and mortality in a low-middle income country.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Designing a web-based platform for dynamic estimation of individualized conditional survival in grade 3 gliomas.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Environmental Hazards and Glial Brain Tumors: Association or Causation?International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The deleterious effect of WHO grade II diffuse glioma on socioeconomic status as evaluated through occupation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The impact of socioeconomic status on glioma survival: a retrospective analysis.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Article
- Neighborhood disadvantage is associated with treatment access outcomes and survival among individuals with a primary brain tumor.Neuro-oncology practice · 2025Article
- Telehealth Utilization in Neuro-Oncology: Commentary on a Single Institution Experience After the COVID-19 Pandemic.Current oncology reports · 2024Review
- Economic income and survival in patients affected by glioblastoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Neuro-oncology practice · 2024Review
- Review
- Socioeconomic driven disparities in neuro-oncology.Neuro-oncology practice · 2024Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMultiple studies have reported higher rates of glioma in areas with higher socioeconomic status (SES) but to the authors' knowledge have not stratified by other factors, including race/ethnicity or urban versus rural location.
methodsThe authors identified the average annual age-adjusted incidence rates and calculated hazard ratios for death for gliomas of various subtypes, stratified by a county-level index for SES, race/ethnicity, US region, and rural versus urban status.
resultsRates of glioma were highest in counties with higher SES (rate ratio, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.15-1.22 comparing the highest with the lowest quintiles [P < .001]). Stratified by race/ethnicity, higher rates in high SES counties persisted for white non-Hispanic individuals. Stratified by rural versus urban status, differences in incidence by SES were more pronounced among urban counties. Survival was higher for residents of high SES counties after adjustment for age and extent of surgical resection (hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.76-0.87 comparing the highest with the lowest quintile of SES [P < .001]). Survival was higher among white Hispanic, black, and Asian/Pacific Islander individuals compared with white non-Hispanic individuals, after adjustment for age, SES, and extent of surgical resection, and when restricted to those individuals with glioblastoma who received radiation and chemotherapy.
conclusionsThe incidence of glioma was higher in US counties of high compared with low SES. These differences were most pronounced among white non-Hispanic individuals and white Hispanic individuals residing in urban areas. Better survival was observed in high SES counties, even when adjusting for extent of surgical resection, and when restricted to those who received radiation and chemotherapy for glioblastoma. Differences in incidence and survival were associated with SES and race, rather than rural versus urban status.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.