ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2019
Metabolic adaptation is not observed after 8 weeks of overfeeding but energy expenditure variability is associated with weight recovery.
Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01672632 (Fat Cell Size and Overfeeding and Etopic Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 16 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Fat Cell Size and Overfeeding and Etopic Study
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Weight gain leads to greater adverse metabolic responses in South Asian compared with white European men: the GlasVEGAS study.Nature metabolism · 2024Trial
- Reduced adaptive thermogenesis during acute protein-imbalanced overfeeding is a metabolic hallmark of the human thrifty phenotype.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Trial
- Body weight regulation models in humans: insights for testing their validity.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Sleep Duration Alters Overfeeding-mediated Reduction in Insulin Sensitivity.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Article
- The Human Energy Balance: Uncovering the Hidden Variables of Obesity.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- MAFLD: an ideal framework for understanding disease phenotype in individuals of normal weight.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Review
- The Influence of Energy Balance and Availability on Resting Metabolic Rate: Implications for Assessment and Future Research Directions.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Review
- The role of physical activity in the regulation of body weight: The overlooked contribution of light physical activity and sedentary behaviors.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2023Review
- Obesity history, physical exam, laboratory, body composition, and energy expenditure: An Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) 2022.Obesity pillars · 2022Article
- From a "Metabolomics fashion" to a sound application of metabolomics in research on human nutrition.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2020Review
- Metabolic Factors Determining the Susceptibility to Weight Gain: Current Evidence.Current obesity reports · 2020Review
- Changes in Thyroid and Glycemic Status and Food Intake in Children with Excess Weight Who Were Submitted for a Multi-Component School Intervention for 16 Months.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Physiological, Psychological and Performance-Related Changes Following Physique Competition: A Case-Series.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2020Article
- Reply to B Halpern.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Article
- Physical activity and body-weight regulation.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundA metabolic adaptation, defined as an increase in energy expenditure (EE) beyond what is expected with weight gain during overfeeding (OF), has been reported but also refuted. Much of the inconsistency stems from the difficulty in conducting large, well-controlled OF studies in humans.
objectivesThe primary aim of this study was to determine whether a metabolic adaptation to OF exists and if so, attenuates weight gain.
methodsThirty-five young adults consumed 40% above their baseline energy requirements for 8 wk, and sleeping metabolic rate (SMR) and 24-h sedentary energy expenditure (24h-EE) were measured before and after OF. Subjects were asked to return for a 6-mo post-OF follow-up visit to measure body weight, body composition, and physical activity.
resultsAfter adjusting for gains in fat-free mass and fat mass, SMR increased by 43 ± 123 kcal/d more than expected (P = 0.05) and 24h-EE by 23 ± 139 kcal/d (P = 0.34), indicating an overall lack of metabolic adaptation during OF despite a wide variability in the response. Among the 30 subjects who returned for the 6-mo follow-up visit, those who had a lower-than-predicted SMR (basal EE) retained more of the fat gained during OF. Likewise, subjects displaying a higher-than-predicted sedentary 24h-EE lost significantly more fat during the 6-mo follow-up.
conclusionsMetabolic adaptation to OF was on average very small but variable between subjects, revealing "thrifty" or "spendthrift" metabolic phenotypes related to body weight loss 6 mo later. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01672632.
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