ReviewAdvances in cancer research2019
Co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory pathways in cancer immunotherapy.
Review in Advances in cancer research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed.
- Studies on a Sulfoxide-Bridged Tn Antigen Mimetic: Interaction with Macrophage Galactose Lectin and Inhibition of Sialyltransferase ST6GALNAC1.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Non-viral TcBuster transposon engineering of CD70-CAR natural killer cells for the treatment of osteosarcoma.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- PD-1 protects expanding human T cells from premature restimulation-induced cell death by modulating TCR and CD28 signaling.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Review
- Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Multi-Omics for Predicting Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response and Resistance.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2026Review
- Pyroptosis in cancer therapy: a double-edged sword for immune activation and tumor progression.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Article
- Unlocking new frontiers: novel immune targets for next-generation cancer immunotherapy.Korean journal of clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Pan-Cancer Landscape of B- and T-Lymphocyte Attenuator: Implications for Potential Immunotherapy Combinations.JCO precision oncology · 2025Article
- CD28 Superfamily Costimulatory Molecules in Chronic Pain: Focus on Immunomodulation.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Negative Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Multispecific Antibodies Targeting PD-1/PD-L1 in Cancer.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2025Review
- Endothelial OX40 activation facilitates tumor cell escape from T cell surveillance through S1P/YAP-mediated angiogenesis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Therapeutic Applications of Programmed Death Ligand 1 Inhibitors in Small Cell Lung Cancer.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Advances in the understanding and therapeutic manipulation of cancer immune responsiveness: a Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) review.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Review
- Oncolytic Viruses and Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Uveal Melanoma and Retinoblastoma: The Current Landscape and Novel Advances.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Dermatotoxicity of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Current Advances in Mechanistic Insights and Predictive Biomarker Identification.Cancer management and research · 2025Review
- Immune biomarkers in circulating cells of NSCLC patients can effectively evaluate the efficacy of chemotherapy combined with anti-PD-1 therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Shifting cold to hot tumors by nanoparticle-loaded drugs and products.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- Combining iRGD with HuFOLactis enhances antitumor potency by facilitating immune cell infiltration and activation.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Cancer remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Traditional treatments such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy have had limited efficacy, especially with late stage cancers. Cancer immunotherapy and targeted therapy have revolutionized how cancer is treated, especially in patients with late stage disease. In 2013 cancer immunotherapy was named the breakthrough of the year, partially due to the established efficacy of blockade of CTLA-4 and PD-1, both T cell co-inhibitory molecules involved in tumor-induced immunosuppression. Though early trials promised success, toxicity and tolerance to immunotherapy have hindered long-term successes. Optimizing the use of co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory pathways has the potential to increase the effectiveness of T cell-mediated antitumor immune response, leading to increased efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. This review will address major T cell co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory pathways and the role they play in regulating immune responses during cancer development and treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.