ArticlePloS one2019
Immunoglobulin G structure and rheumatoid factor epitopes.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular insights into phytochemicals exhibiting anti-arthritic activity: systematic review : John Di Battista.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2021Pooled it
- Impact of high rheumatoid factor levels on treatment outcomes with certolizumab pegol and adalimumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2024Trial
- Four IgG Antibodies and Protein G Are Shapeshifters.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Impact of oncogenic viruses on autoimmune diseases and tumorigenesis.Infectious agents and cancer · 2026Review
- Ozoralizumab, a trivalent anti-TNFα NANOBODYFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Influence of Rheumatoid Factors on the Efficacy of TNF Inhibitor Therapy in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.Rheumatology and therapy · 2025Article
- Molecular mimicry in the pathogenesis of autoimmune rheumatic diseases.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2025Review
- Impact of rheumatoid factors on the function of therapeutic monoclonals specific for PD-1/PD-L1.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Animal Models in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Is There a Correlation Between Autoantibodies in Human Pathology and Animal Models?Biology · 2025Review
- What is rheumatoid factor? From screening to personalized management.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Review
- Prevalence of rheumatoid factor in asymptomatic chronic hepatitis B surface carriers in the context of endemic malaria: cross-sectional study at University Hospital of Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.The Pan African medical journal · 2025Article
- Neutrophil Depletion Changes the N-Glycosylation Pattern of IgG in Experimental Murine Sepsis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Redox Pathogenesis in Rheumatic Diseases.ACR open rheumatology · 2024Review
- The Serological Evidence of Positive Rheumatoid Factor in Morphea Patients and Its Relation to Disease Severity.Cureus · 2024Article
- Next-Generation Anti-TNFα Agents: The Example of Ozoralizumab.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2024Review
- Reproductive Effect by Rheumatoid Arthritis and Related Autoantibodies.Rheumatology and therapy · 2024Review
- Review
- Article
- Infectious and Commensal Bacteria in Rheumatoid Arthritis-Role in the Outset and Progression of the Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Exploring the Link between Hydrodynamic Size and Immunoglobulins of Circulating Immune Complexes in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antibodies are important for immunity and exist in several classes (IgM, IgD, IgA, IgG, IgE). They are composed of symmetric dimeric molecules with two antigen binding regions (Fab) and a constant part (Fc), usually depicted as Y-shaped molecules. Rheumatoid factors found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis are autoantibodies binding to IgG and paradoxically appear to circulate in blood alongside with their antigen (IgG) without reacting with it. Here, it is shown that rheumatoid factors do not react with native IgG in solution, and that their epitopes only become accessible upon certain physico-chemical treatments (e.g. heat treatment at 57 °C), by physical adsorption on a hydrophobic surface or by antigen binding. Moreover, chemical cross-linking in combination with mass spectrometry showed that the native state of IgG is a compact (closed) form and that the Fab parts of IgG shield the Fc region and thereby control access of rheumatoid factors and presumably also some effector functions. It can be inferred that antibody binding to pathogen surfaces induces a conformational change, which exposes the Fc part with its effector sites and rheumatoid factor epitopes. This has strong implications for understanding antibody structure and physiology and necessitates a conceptual reformulation of IgG models.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.