ArticleWater research2019
Long-term tracking of opioid consumption in two United States cities using wastewater-based epidemiology approach.
Article in Water research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Public Awareness and Acceptance of Wastewater Surveillance in the United States, June 2024.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974) · 2026Article
- First Detection of Xylazine in Texas Wastewater and Its Association with Fentanyl Use.ACS ES&T water · 2026Article
- Piloting wastewater-based monitoring on a university campus to inform public health surveillance and response for opioids and other high-risk substances.Journal of water and health · 2026Article
- Barriers to translating continuous monitoring technologies for preventative medicine.Nature biomedical engineering · 2025Review
- Machine learning- and multilayer molecular network-assisted screening hunts fentanyl compounds.Science advances · 2025Article
- Wastewater Speaks: Evaluating SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance, Sampling Methods, and Seasonal Infection Trends on a University Campus.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Comparison of heroin and fentanyl use in US nationally representative surveys.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2025Article
- Near-source wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2, norovirus, influenza virus and RSV across five different sites in the UK.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Seasonality of respiratory, enteric, and urinary viruses revealed by wastewater genomic surveillance.mSphere · 2024Article
- Target and Nontarget Screening to Support Capacity Scaling for Substance Use Assessment through a Statewide Wastewater Surveillance Network in New York.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Monitoring of over-the-counter (OTC) and COVID-19 treatment drugs complement wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2024Article
- Assessment of sewer connectivity in the United States and its implications for equity in wastewater-based epidemiology.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Demonstration of the Sequence Alignment to Predict Across Species Susceptibility Tool for Rapid Assessment of Protein Conservation.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2023Article
- Occurrence of Z-drugs, benzodiazepines, and ketamine in wastewater in the United States and Mexico during the Covid-19 pandemic.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- Wastewater treatment plant operators report high capacity to support wastewater surveillance for COVID-19 across New York State, USA.The Science of the total environment · 2022Article
- Article
- Fatal overdose: Predicting to prevent.The International journal on drug policy · 2022Article
- Predicting COVID-19 cases in diverse population groups using SARS-CoV-2 wastewater monitoring across Oklahoma City.The Science of the total environment · 2022Article
- "Waste Not, Want Not" - Leveraging Sewer Systems and Wastewater-Based Epidemiology for Drug Use Trends and Pharmaceutical Monitoring.Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology · 2021Article
- Methodological approaches for the prediction of opioid use-related epidemics in the United States: a narrative review and cross-disciplinary call to action.Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Access to near-real time opioid use data is essential to the effective management of the U.S. opioid crisis. Current narcotic data collection methods are limited by time delay and would be complimented by a rapid data acquisition technique. Use of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) analysis may offer access to near real-time data on opioid consumption but application in the United States has been limited. From 2015 to 2017, monthly 24-h time-weighted composite samples of municipal raw wastewater from two Midwestern U.S. cities were routinely analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for morphine, codeine, oxycodone, heroin, fentanyl, and select opioid metabolites. Concentrations of opioids (ng/L) in raw wastewater from City 1 and 2, respectively, were: morphine (713 ± 38; 306 ± 29; detection frequency (DF): 100%), oxycodone (17.8 ± 1.1; 78 ± 6; DF: 100%), codeine (332 ± 37; 100 ± 27; DF: 93%), heroin (41 ± 16; 9 ± 11; DF: 81%), and fentanyl (1.7 ± 0.2; 1.0 ± 0.5; DF: 62%). Average opioid consumption rates estimated using WBE ranged between 9 and 2590 mg/day/1000 persons. Anticipated overdoses and overdose-deaths calculated from analyte concentrations in wastewater forecasted 200 opioid-related overdoses/year and 39 opioid related overdose-deaths/year across the two cities during the year 2016, which aligned well with observed coroner-reported opioid deaths. This long-term U.S. screening study of opioids in wastewater was the first to utilize wastewater epidemiological data to estimate the number of expected overdose and overdose-deaths, and to identify detectable levels of the powerful synthetic opioid fentanyl in community wastewater consistently over the course of one whole year.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.