ArticleSexually transmitted diseases2019
Detection of Rectal Chlamydia trachomatis in Heterosexual Men Who Report Cunnilingus.
Article in Sexually transmitted diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Positive Nucleic Acid Amplification Test Results Are Rarely Indicative of a Viable Rectal Chlamydia trachomatis Infection Among Men With Anal Exposures Other Than Receptive Anal Sex.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2026Article
- IFNγ-producing iNKTs restrict a live-attenuated chlamydia oral vaccine in the large intestine.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Impact of oralmSystems · 2025Article
- A Scoping Review of Approaches to Extragenital Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Screening for Adolescents and Young Adults in the United States.Nursing for women's health · 2025Article
- Chlamydia and gonorrhoea screening and diagnosis by anatomical site among individuals with opposite-sex partners: a rapid review.Sexually transmitted infections · 2025Article
- Noninvasive Monitoring of Humoral Immune Responses in Men With Acute Chlamydia trachomatis Urethral Infection Using First-Catch Urine.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Highly viable gastrointestinal Chlamydia trachomatis in women abstaining from receptive anal intercourse.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Characterization of Virulence-Associated Traits in Mycoplasma penetrans Strains Acting as Likely Etiological Agents of Idiopathic Nongonococcal Urethritis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Sexual behavior shapes male genitourinary microbiome composition.Cell reports. Medicine · 2023Article
- Chlamydia overcomes multiple gastrointestinal barriers to achieve long-lasting colonization.Trends in microbiology · 2021Review
- Article
- Aetiology and prevalence of mixed-infections and mono-infections in non-gonococcal urethritis in men: a case-control study.Sexually transmitted infections · 2020Article
- Article
- Proceed With Caution in Generating Evidence in the "Oropharyngeal-Anorectal Chlamydia Hypothesis" in Humans.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2019Article
- Reply to, "Proceed With Caution in Generating Evidence in the 'Oropharyngeal-Anorectal Chlamydia Hypothesis' in Humans".Sexually transmitted diseases · 2019Article
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12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundRectal infection with Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is frequent in women who deny receptive anal sex and is thought to arise from autoinoculation of the rectum from vaginal secretions. An alternate hypothesis is that oral sex inoculates and establishes gastrointestinal tract infection. Distinguishing these hypotheses is difficult in women. In men, autoinoculation is unlikely and heterosexual men frequently perform oral sex, but rarely participate in receptive anal exposure behaviors.
methodsWe enrolled high-risk men with and without nongonococcal urethritis who presented to a sexually transmitted infection clinic in Indianapolis, Indiana. Urine and rectal swabs were collected and tested for urogenital and rectal CT, Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG). Men completed surveys concerning symptoms, sexual orientation, and detailed recent and lifetime oral and anal sexual behaviors.
resultsRectal CT was detected in 2/84 (2.4%) heterosexual men who reported cunnilingus, but no lifetime receptive anal behaviors. All of the men who denied receptive anal behaviors were negative for rectal NG and MG. In homosexual and bisexual men, rectal CT prevalence was high (9.7%), and rectal NG (4.8%) and MG (4.8%) were also detected.
conclusionsWe detected rectal CT infections in heterosexual men who reported cunnilingus but denied receptive anal behaviors. Oral sex may be a risk factor for rectal CT infection via oral inoculation of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.