ArticleAddictive behaviors reports2019
A preliminary cross-cultural study of Hikikomori and Internet Gaming Disorder: The moderating effects of game-playing time and living with parents.
Article in Addictive behaviors reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Meta-Analysis of Internet Gaming Disorder Prevalence: Assessing the Impacts of DSM-5 and ICD-11 Diagnostic Criteria.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Pooled it
- Linking parental mediation practices to adolescents' problematic online screen use: A systematic literature review.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2019Pooled it
- Gaming disorder: Prevalence and association with psychosocial outcomes in the German general adult population.Addictive behaviors reports · 2026Article
- Hikikomori tendencies and belongingness in Turkish university students: the roles of online social comfort, interpersonal sensitivity, and hopelessness.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Extreme social isolation risk is associated with story-driven, strategic and cooperative-first gameplay preferences.PLOS mental health · 2026Article
- Social marginalization risk and its negative association with socialising preferences in Japanese gamers.PloS one · 2026Article
- Global psychiatrists' opinions aboutPCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Article
- From active escapism to virtual withdrawal: Validation of the Compensatory-Dissociative Online Gaming scales (C-DOGs).Journal of behavioral addictions · 2024Article
- Gaming Disorder: The role of a gamers flow profile.Addictive behaviors reports · 2024Article
- Hikikomori in the Middle East: The role of problematic gaming, social media use, and loneliness.PloS one · 2024Article
- Association Between Juvenile Psychotic Experiences and Problematic Gaming.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2024Article
- Case report: hikikomori syndrome in Italy and its link with autistic traits and internet gaming disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Hikikomori (Severe Social Withdrawal) in Italian Adolescents: Clinical Features and Follow-Up.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Exploring internet addiction and its associated factors among college students in Western Rajasthan, India: A mixed-methods study.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2023Article
- Autism Spectrum, Hikikomori Syndrome and Internet Gaming Disorder: Is There a Link?Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Hikikomori: A Scientometric Review of 20 Years of Research.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Association between the Internet Gaming Disorder and Anxiety and Depression among University Students during COVID-19 Pandemic.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Hyperfocus symptom and internet addiction in individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder trait.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Biopsychosocial factors of gaming disorder: a systematic review employing screening tools with well-defined psychometric properties.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInternet Gaming Disorder (IGD) and Hikikomori (an extreme form of social real-life withdrawal, where individuals isolate themselves from society) have both been suggested as mental disorders that require further clinical research, particularly among young adult populations.
objectiveTo add to the extant literature, the present study used a cross-cultural, cross-sectional design to investigate the association between Hikikomori and IGD, and the potential moderating effects of reported game-playing time and living with parents.
methodTwo online samples of 153 Australian and 457 U.S.-North American young adult players of Massively Multiplayer Online (MMO) games were collected. The nine-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS-SF9), and the Hikikomori Social Withdrawal Scale were administered to dimensionally assess IGD and Hikikomori, respectively.
resultsLinear regression analyses confirmed that Hikikomori symptoms are associated with IGD. Additionally, moderation analyses indicated that the association was exacerbated by longer game playing time across both populations. Gamers living with their parents was a significant moderator of the relationship for the Australian sample.
conclusionsExtreme real-life social withdrawal and IGD are related, and this association is exacerbated for those who spend more time playing MMOs per day, and, for Australian participants, living with their parents.
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