ArticleAddictive behaviors reports2019
Lessons learned from unsuccessful use of personal carbon monoxide monitors to remotely assess abstinence in a pragmatic trial of a smartphone stop smoking app - A secondary analysis.
Article in Addictive behaviors reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Scoping Review and Meta-analysis of the Use of Remote Biochemical Verification Methods of Smoking Status in Tobacco Research.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Pooled it
- Do Smartphone Apps Impact Long-Term Smoking Cessation for Sexual and Gender Minority Adults? Exploratory Results from a 2-Arm Randomized Trial Comparing Acceptance and Commitment Therapy with Standard US Clinical Practice Guidelines.Journal of homosexuality · 2025Trial
- Relative Efficacy of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-Based Smartphone App with a Standard US Clinical Practice Guidelines-Based App for Smoking Cessation in Dual Users of Combustible and Electronic Cigarettes: Secondary Findings from a Randomized Trial.Substance use & misuse · 2024Trial
- Efficacy of Web-Delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Helping Black Adults Quit Smoking.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2023Trial
- Use of e-Cigarettes in Cigarette Smoking Cessation: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2023Trial
- Full-scale Randomized Trial Comparing Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Telephone-Delivered Coaching With Standard Telephone-Delivered Coaching Among Medicare/Uninsured Quitline Callers.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Trial
- Efficacy of smartphone applications for smoking cessation in heavy-drinking adults: Secondary analysis of the iCanQuit randomized trial.Addictive behaviors · 2022Trial
- Smoking Cessation Smartphone App Use Over Time: Predicting 12-Month Cessation Outcomes in a 2-Arm Randomized Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Trial
- Efficacy of an acceptance and commitment therapy-based smartphone application for helping rural populations quit smoking: Results from the iCanQuit randomized trial.Preventive medicine · 2022Trial
- Efficacy and utilization of an acceptance and commitment therapy-based smartphone application for smoking cessation among Black adults: secondary analysis of the iCanQuit randomized trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2022Trial
- Efficacy and utilization of smartphone applications for smoking cessation among low-income adults: Secondary analysis of the iCanQuit randomized trial.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Trial
- A Facebook intervention to address cigarette smoking and heavy episodic drinking: A pilot randomized controlled trial.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2021Trial
- Participant Contributions to Person-Generated Health Data Research Using Mobile Devices: Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Do medications increase the efficacy of digital interventions for smoking cessation? Secondary results from the iCanQuit randomized trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2024Article
- Reintroducing face-to-face support alongside remote support to form a hybrid stop smoking service in England: a formative mixed methods evaluation.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Review of strategies to investigate low sample return rates in remote tobacco trials: A call to action for more user-centered design research.Addiction neuroscience · 2023Article
- Web-delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for smoking cessation: Is it engaging and efficacious for US Hispanic/Latinx adult smokers?Preventive medicine reports · 2022Article
- Feasibility and Acceptability of a Smoking Cessation Smartphone App (My QuitBuddy) in Older Persons: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR formative research · 2021Article
- Mobile, Remote, and Individual Focused: Comparing Breath Carbon Monoxide Readings and Abstinence Between Smartphone-Enabled and Stand-Alone Monitors.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021Article
- Remote Methods for Conducting Tobacco-Focused Clinical Trials.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionVerifying abstinence remotely in trials of digital cessation interventions remains a major challenge. This study reports on using personal carbon monoxide (CO) monitors to assess abstinence in a pragmatic trial of a standalone cessation app involving automated recruitment with no researcher contact.
methodsThe study involved secondary data analysis of remote CO testing in a randomized trial (ISRCTN10548241) comparing two versions of a cessation app (BupaQuit). Trial participants were adult UK-based smokers interested in quitting, who were recruited online (02/2015-03/2016). Participants were followed-up through the app, email or phone at 4 weeks. Fifty-nine participants reporting not smoking were posted a personal CO monitor with instructions, and emailed two reminders. The monitors required installing software on a Windows PC. Participants were not reimbursed but retained the device. We recorded the proportion of CO tests returned, test results, self-reported ease of use, correct use, acceptability, and reasons for missing results.
resultsFifteen (25.4%) CO results were returned, of which 86.6% were <10 ppm and 53.3% were <5 ppm, indicating abstinence (corresponding to 20.9% and 12.9% of all trial participants self-reporting abstinence, respectively). These 15 participants found the test easy, acceptable and believed they conducted it correctly. Eight (18.2%) of the missing results were accounted for, including no access to a Windows PC, barriers to receiving packages, and unwillingness to share results.
conclusionRemote validation using personal CO monitors may not yet be feasible in pragmatic studies of cessation apps in which participants are recruited with no reimbursement or direct contact with researchers.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.