ArticleSSM - population health2019
Longitudinal effects of race, ethnicity, and psychosocial disadvantage on systemic inflammation.
Article in SSM - population health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in rheumatic diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- The diagnostic role of the systemic inflammation index in patients with immunological diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Pooled it
- The role of bilirubin as a biomarker of rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Perceived Neighborhood Disorder, Health Behaviors, and Inflammation Among Older Adults: A Mediation Analysis.Journal of aging and health · 2026Article
- Childhood maltreatment and mid-life cognitive functioning: divergent psychosocial pathways linked to ethnoracial group.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Article
- Loss, inflammation, and cognition: Understanding the lifecourse impact of early life parental disruption.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Article
- Race differences in the effect of obesity on inflammation among Black and White older adults who quit smoking: a longitudinal analysis of the Health and Retirement study.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2026Article
- Multiomic Analysis Links Neighborhood Disadvantage to Inflammatory Proteins and Tumorigenic Markers in ER+ Breast Cancer Plasma and Tumor Samples.Journal of proteome research · 2025Article
- The association of discrimination, inflammation, and coping style on self-rated health among South Asian individuals in the MASALA Study.Ethnicity & health · 2025Article
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Metabolic Syndrome, and Inflammation in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Observational
- Racial and ethnic differences in plasma biomarker eligibility for a preclinical Alzheimer's disease trial.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Discrimination and Cardiovascular Health in Black Americans: Exploring Inflammation as a Mechanism and Perceived Control as a Protective Factor.Psychosomatic medicine · 2024Article
- C-reactive protein moderates associations between racial discrimination and ventromedial prefrontal cortex activation during attention to threat in Black American women.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Early life adversity predicts an accelerated cellular aging phenotype through early timing of puberty.Psychological medicine · 2023Article
- Incident racial discrimination predicts elevated C-Reactive protein in the Black Women's experiences Living with Lupus (BeWELL) study.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2023Article
- Patterns of adolescent perceived social support and inflammation in adulthood within major racial groups: Findings from a longitudinal, nationally representative sample.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2023Article
- Discrimination and Inflammation in Adolescents of Color.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2023Article
- Associations of perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and caregiving with inflammation: a longitudinal study.International psychogeriatrics · 2023Article
- Uncovering Novel Biomarkers of Inflammation as Potential Screening Targets of Disease Risk in Healthcare Shift Workers: A Pilot Study.International journal of nursing and health care research · 2023Article
- Longitudinal associations between racial discrimination and hippocampal and white matter hyperintensity volumes among older Black adults.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivePsychosocial factors likely contribute to racial and ethnic inequalities in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, precise social, psychological, and physiological pathways linking race and ethnicity to the development of CVDs are not well understood. Systemic inflammation, commonly indexed by C-reactive protein (CRP), is a biomarker for CVD risk and progression. The objective of this study was to identify mediating pathways from race and ethnicity to CRP through social, psychological, and behavioral variables.
methodsUsing data from 12,382 participants aged 51 and older in the Health and Retirement Study, structural equation models tested for direct and indirect effects of race and ethnicity on CRP measured over four years through educational disadvantage, everyday discrimination, depressive symptoms, external locus of control, and smoking.
resultsEducational disadvantage mediated Black-White and Hispanic-White disparities in baseline CRP directly, as well as indirectly through elevated depressive symptoms, higher external locus of control, and smoking. Educational disadvantage also mediated Black-White and Hispanic-White disparities in CRP change directly, as well as indirectly through higher external locus of control and smoking. Independent of education, discrimination mediated Black-White differences in baseline CRP via elevated depressive symptoms, higher external locus of control, and smoking. Discrimination also mediated Black-White disparities in CRP change via external locus of control.
conclusionsResults from this population-based, longitudinal study support the view that racially patterned social disadvantage is prospectively associated with longitudinal inflammatory processes, and some of these effects are independently mediated by psychological and behavioral factors. Biopsychosocial pathways to health disparities also differ between minority groups.
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