ReviewMedicinal research reviews2020
Inducible nitric oxide synthase: Regulation, structure, and inhibition.
Review in Medicinal research reviews, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 388 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
388 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 820 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic potential of nitric oxide and its donors in hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke: a systematic review.Medical gas research · 2026Pooled it
- Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as emerging anti-inflammatory agents: mechanisms, therapeutic advances, and future directions-a systematic review and meta-analysis.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Molecular insights into glial neuroimmune cross reactivity with CNS antigens and its role in neuroinflammation.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- The potential value of quercetin for colorectal cancer: a systematic review and a meta-analysis of preclinical studies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- OXY-SCORE and Volatile Anesthetics: A New Perspective of Oxidative Stress in EndoVascular Aneurysm Repair-A Randomized Clinical Trial.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Trial
- Article
- Protein S-nitrosylation in the heart: Mechanisms, physiological roles, and pathological remodeling.Redox biology · 2026Review
- Adipokines as Regulators of Nitric Oxide Synthase Isoforms Across Organs: Emerging Implications for Gastrointestinal Motility.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Epithelial Inflammatory iNOS-Nitrate Axis EnhancesInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Sulfation Rewrites the Biological Profile of Dietary Flavonoids: Implications for Stability, Redox Signaling, and Inflammation.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Chitosan Oligosaccharides Modulate Macrophage Inflammatory Signaling: Molecular Docking and Transcriptomic Evidence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- [Isolation, purification and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharide fromNan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026Article
- Discovery and synthesis of phenylthiophene sulfonamide derivatives with promising anti-inflammatory activity.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Sustainable Valorization ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Pleiotropic Therapeutic Perspectives of GLP-1 and GIP Receptor Agonists in Spinal Cord Injury: A Narrative Review.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antimicrobial Activity of aInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- LC-MS/MS Chemical Profiling and HPLC/PDA Quantification ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Impacts of trichothecene mycotoxins on human colonic epithelial cells: molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Effects of Oral Care Intervention on Gingivitis-Mediated Induction of Nitric Oxide Synthesis and Oxidative Stress.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- A Novel Polysaccharide from Walnut Dregs: Structural Features and Immunomodulatory Effects via Activation of MAPK Signaling Pathway.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
328 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A considerable number of human diseases have an inflammatory component, and a key mediator of immune activation and inflammation is inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which produces nitric oxide (NO) from l-arginine. Overexpressed or dysregulated iNOS has been implicated in numerous pathologies including sepsis, cancer, neurodegeneration, and various types of pain. Extensive knowledge has been accumulated about the roles iNOS plays in different tissues and organs. Additionally, X-ray crystal and cryogenic electron microscopy structures have shed new insights on the structure and regulation of this enzyme. Many potent iNOS inhibitors with high selectivity over related NOS isoforms, neuronal NOS, and endothelial NOS, have been discovered, and these drugs have shown promise in animal models of endotoxemia, inflammatory and neuropathic pain, arthritis, and other disorders. A major issue in iNOS inhibitor development is that promising results in animal studies have not translated to humans; there are no iNOS inhibitors approved for human use. In addition to assay limitations, both the dual modalities of iNOS and NO in disease states (ie, protective vs harmful effects) and the different roles and localizations of NOS isoforms create challenges for therapeutic intervention. This review summarizes the structure, function, and regulation of iNOS, with focus on the development of iNOS inhibitors (historical and recent). A better understanding of iNOS' complex functions is necessary before specific drug candidates can be identified for classical indications such as sepsis, heart failure, and pain; however, newer promising indications for iNOS inhibition, such as depression, neurodegenerative disorders, and epilepsy, have been discovered.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.