ReviewFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2019
Exploring the "Multiple-Hit Hypothesis" of Neurodegenerative Disease: Bacterial Infection Comes Up to Bat.
Review in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 118 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Ferroptosis-related stress during aging and its relevance to disease.GeroScience · 2026Review
- Reprogramming of the hepatic ubiquitin‑immune axis: A unifying mechanism in liver disease progression (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- NeuroViOme: a viral orfeome collection for studies of neurodegenerative disease.Journal of neurovirology · 2026Review
- The Immunosuppression Paradox in Multiple Sclerosis: Are We Fueling the Fire by Suppressing Immunity in an Epstein-Barr Virus-Linked Disease?Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Review
- The dysregulation of innate immunity by Porphyromonas gingivalis in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease.Journal of internal medicine · 2026Review
- Antagonism of the EP2 Receptor Reveals Sex-Specific Protection in a Two-Hit Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Article
- LRRK2 deficiency mitigates amyloid β deposition-mediated pathology in a murine Alzheimer's disease model by reprogramming microglia.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- The Parkinson's drug benztropine possesses histamine receptor 1-dependent host-directed antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2025Article
- Proteomic signatures of corona and herpes viral antibodies identify IGDCC4 as a mediator of neurodegeneration.Science advances · 2025Article
- The Role of Tetrahydrocurcumin in Tumor and Neurodegenerative Diseases Through Anti-Inflammatory Effects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Antiageing strategy for neurodegenerative diseases: from mechanisms to clinical advances.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- PD-Like Pathogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans Intestinally Infected with Nocardia farcinica and the Underlying Molecular Mechanisms.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Traffic-related air pollution significantly aggravates the detrimental effect of infections on the risk of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, especially in non-carriers ofFrontiers in dementia · 2025Article
- New insights on the link between Epstein‑Barr virus infection and cognitive decline in neurodegenerative diseases (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2024Review
- Review of evidence linking exposure to environmental stressors and associated alterations in the dynamics of immunosenescence (ISC) with the global increase in multiple sclerosis (MS).Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024Review
- Review
- Short-term high fat diet impairs memory, exacerbates the neuroimmune response, and evokes synaptic degradation via a complement-dependent mechanism in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- PARK7/DJ-1 deficiency impairs microglial activation in response to LPS-induced inflammation.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Despite major strides in personalized genomics, it remains poorly understood why neurodegenerative diseases occur in only a fraction of individuals with a genetic predisposition and conversely, why individuals with no genetic risk of a disorder develop one. Chronic diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Multiple sclerosis are speculated to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors, a concept commonly referred to as the "multiple hit hypothesis." A number of bacterial infections have been linked to increased risk of neurodegeneration, and in some cases, clearance of bacterial pathogens has been correlated with amelioration of central nervous system (CNS) deficits. Additionally, mutations in several genes known to contribute to CNS disorders like Parkinson's Disease have repeatedly been implicated in susceptibility to intracellular bacterial infection. Recent data has begun to demonstrate roles for these genes (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.