ReviewJournal of ophthalmology2019
Cytokines and the Pathogenesis of Macular Edema in Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion.
Review in Journal of ophthalmology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Long term efficacy and safety profile of dexamethasone intravitreal implant in retinal vein occlusions: a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Comparison of the efficiency of anti-VEGF drugs intravitreal injections treatment with or without retinal laser photocoagulation for macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Modified Microneedle for Suprachoroidal Injection of Triamcinolone Acetonide Combined with Intravitreal Injection of Ranibizumab in Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion Patients.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Trial
- Involvement of Oxidative Stress-Related Inflammatory Mediators in the Pathogenesis and Treatment Response of Macular Edema Secondary to Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Comparison of Intracystic Hyperreflectivity in Different Macular Edema Etiologies. Is It a New Optical Coherence Tomography Biomarker?Beyoglu eye journal · 2026Article
- Optimal Treatment of Retinal Vein Occlusion: An Updated Canadian Review and Recommendations.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- The blood-retinal barrier in ocular pathologies: an updated narrative review.International ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Short‑term outcomes of switching to faricimab for macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2025Observational
- Bevacizumab and beyond: investigating the role of combination therapies in the management of retinal diseases.International ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Effectiveness and cytokine profile of combined anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and corticosteroid therapy for chronic retinal vein occlusion.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Observational
- Integration of peripheral blood-based systemic inflammatory indices and retinal imaging using interpretable machine learning for predicting anti-VEGF treatment response in macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Correlations between inflammatory biomarkers in peripheral blood and branch retinal vein occlusion.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Dynamic Complement Protein Changes in Aqueous Humor and Plasma of Patients With Retinal Vein Occlusion During Ranibizumab Treatment.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Involved in the Pathophysiology of Retinal Vascular Disease-Interplay Between Inflammation and Oxidative Stress.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Integrated Assessment of OCT, Multimodal Imaging, and Cytokine Markers for Predicting Treatment Responses in Retinal Vein Occlusion Associated Macular Edema: A Comparative Review of Anti-VEGF and Steroid Therapies.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Prediction of treatment outcome for branch retinal vein occlusion using convolutional neural network-based retinal fluorescein angiography.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Cytokine Levels in Experimental Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion Treated With Either Bevacizumab or Triamcinolone Acetonide.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Review
- Visual Acuity and Retinal Thickness and Sensitivity after Intravitreal Ranibizumab Injection for Macular Edema in Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Investigation into safflower injection as a prophylactic treatment for retinal vein occlusion in a rabbit model.Scientific reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) is a very common retinal vascular problem in patients with lifestyle-related diseases, such as hypertension and arteriosclerosis. In patients with BRVO, development of macular edema is the main cause of visual impairment. BRVO is still a controversial condition in many respects. Over the years, various methods such as laser photocoagulation have been tried to treat macular edema associated with BRVO, but the results were not satisfactory. After vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was found to have an important role in the pathogenesis of macular edema in BRVO patients, treatment of this condition was revolutionized by development of anti-VEGF therapy. Although macular edema improves dramatically following intraocular injection of anti-VEGF agents, repeated recurrence and resistance of edema is a major problem in some BRVO patients. This suggests that factors or cytokines other than VEGF may be associated with inflammation and retinal hypoxia in BRVO and that the pathogenesis of macular edema is complicated. The present review assesses the role of various factors and cytokines in the pathogenesis of macular edema associated with BRVO. We present a mechanism that is not only plausible but should also be useful for developing new therapeutic strategies.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.