ReviewJournal of ophthalmology2019
Timolol 0.1% in Glaucomatous Patients: Efficacy, Tolerance, and Quality of Life.
Review in Journal of ophthalmology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of preservative-free versus preserved timolol eye drops in glaucoma: A randomized crossover study.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2026Trial
- Promising Glaucoma Medication: A Comprehensive Translational Evaluation.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Preservative-Free Gel-Formulated Glaucoma Therapies: Learning from the Past, Looking to the Future.Advances in therapy · 2025Review
- Mitochondrial-Targeted HDAP2 Preserves Retinal Ganglion Cells and Increases Pressure Tolerance in DBA/2J Mice.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Mitochondrial-Targeted HDAP2 Preserves Retinal Ganglion Cells and Increases Pressure Tolerance in DBA/2J Mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- How patients deal with side-effects of topical intraocular pressure-lowering medication in glaucoma: a cross-sectional study from a tertiary ophthalmology clinic.International ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Off-label use of medicines in South Africa: a review.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2024Review
- Chemical Insights into Topical Agents in Intraocular Pressure Management: From Glaucoma Etiopathology to Therapeutic Approaches.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Additive effects of brimonidine tartrate 0.1%/brinzolamide 1% fixed-dose combination in prostaglandin analog-treated Japanese glaucoma patients.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Improving Adherence to Topical Medication in Patients with Glaucoma.Patient preference and adherence · 2021Review
- Role of 24-Hour Intraocular Pressure Monitoring in Glaucoma Management.Journal of ophthalmology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glaucoma is a progressive, chronic optic neuropathy characterized by a typical visual field defects. Four main classes of topical medication are actually available on the market: beta-blockers, prostaglandins, alpha2-agonists, and topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor to treat intraocular pressure (IOP). The aim of this review is to outline the efficacy of timolol and to evaluate the impact of this treatment on patients' quality of life. Among beta-blockers, timolol is most used at three different concentrations: 0.1%, 0.25%, and 0.5%. While the first one is a gel, the other two products are solution. Timolol has few topical side effects, while it has some important systemic side effects on the cardiac and respiratory systems. The balance between efficacy and safety is always the main aspect to care patients. Because of the less efficacy of timolol 0.1% solution, the possibility to use carbomers as vehicle in the gel drops helped timolol 0.1 to be used in clinics, extending the time contact between the active ingredient and the surface of the cornea. Using preservative-free timolol 0.1 for treatment, IOP was at the same level of the other beta-blockers at higher concentration, but it was better tolerated. Preservative-free treatment improved the quality of life reducing dry-eye like symptoms; furthermore, the presence of an artificial tear in the medication bottle could help adherence. The once daily dosing improves compliance.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.