ArticleFrontiers in neurology2019
Spectral Analysis of Heart Rate Variability: Time Window Matters.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Impact on Autonomic Nervous System Activity during and Following Exercise in Adults: A Meta-Regression Study and Trial Sequential Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Pooled it
- Heart Rate Variability and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Systematic Review.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of In-Vehicle Physiological Indices and Sensor Technology for Driver Mental Workload Monitoring.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Pooled it
- Training in women soccer players: A systematic review on training load monitoring.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Pooled it
- Autonomic Nervous System Function in Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Pooled it
- A Nonrandomized Trial of the Effects of Passive Simulated Jogging on Short-Term Heart Rate Variability in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects.Journal of diabetes research · 2023Trial
- Benefits from one session of deep and slow breathing on vagal tone and anxiety in young and older adults.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Early life stress blunts time-of-day-specific autonomic function in adult male mice.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2026Article
- Association Between Carotid Arterial Strain and Heart Rate Variability in Older Age.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2026Article
- Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis connectivity during food cue and taste processing under stress.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The circadian rhythm of heart rate variability in academic teachers with anxiety disorders.International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health · 2026Article
- Understanding the shortcomings of heart rate variability as a tool for autonomic analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Electroacupuncture alleviates functional dyspepsia by modulating the vagus nerve to regulate duodenal microbiota and suppress TWEAK/Fn14/NF-κB and arachidonic acid metabolic pathways.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Interpreting heart rate variability in clinical context: a framework for understanding a multidimensional autonomic biomarker.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- The role of 24-hour wearable sensors in early evaluation of adolescent orthostatic dysregulation.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Article
- Autonomic neuropathy in diabetes.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Review
- Heart rate variability reveals graded task difficulty effects and sensitization dynamics in anticipatory psychological stress via time-domain analysis.Journal of physiological anthropology · 2025Article
- Novel Virtual Reality Intervention for Stress Reduction Among Patients With or at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease: Mixed Methods Pilot Study.JMIR cardio · 2025Article
- Estimating Heart Rate from Inertial Sensors Embedded in Smart Eyewear: A Validation Study.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) is a valuable tool for the assessment of cardiovascular autonomic function. Fast Fourier transform and autoregressive based spectral analysis are two most commonly used approaches for HRV analysis, while new techniques such as trigonometric regressive spectral (TRS) and wavelet transform have been developed. Short-term (on ECG of several minutes) and long-term (typically on ECG of 1-24 h) HRV analyses have different advantages and disadvantages. This article reviews the characteristics of spectral HRV studies using different lengths of time windows. Short-term HRV analysis is a convenient method for the estimation of autonomic status, and can track dynamic changes of cardiac autonomic function within minutes. Long-term HRV analysis is a stable tool for assessing autonomic function, describe the autonomic function change over hours or even longer time spans, and can reliably predict prognosis. The choice of appropriate time window is essential for research of autonomic function using spectral HRV analysis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.