ArticleJournal of translational medicine2019
Cytokine expression in Treponema pallidum infection.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exosomal miR-1246 in Syphilis Serofast State: Diagnostic Value and NLRP3 Inflammasome Suppression.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Article
- An Exploratory Study of Host Plasma Proteomic Signatures that Distinguish Active Syphilis in Adults.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Syphilis Pathogenesis: Host Immune Response vs Pathogen Immune Evasion.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Serofast state after syphilis treatment: implications and recommendations for clinical practice. Narrative review.Postepy dermatologii i alergologii · 2025Review
- HIF-1α regulated GLUT1-mediated glycolysis enhances Treponema pallidum-induced cytokine responses.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Syphilis-Naive Patients Achieve Treatment Success More Quickly: A Comparison of Time to Syphilis Treatment Success in Patients With Repeat Versus Naive Infection.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- Association of a Network of Immunologic Response and Clinical Features With the Functional Recovery From Crotalinae Snakebite Envenoming.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- The Application of Cytokine Expression Assays to Differentiate Active From Previously Treated Syphilis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Investigation of syphilis immunology and Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum biology to improve clinical management and design a broadly protective vaccine: study protocol.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCurrent syphilis tests cannot distinguish between active and past syphilis among patients with serofast rapid plasma reagin (RPR) titers. We investigated whether cytokine profiles might provide insight in the differentiation of active and treated syphilis.
methodsWe collected quarterly serum samples from participants at risk for incident syphilis in a prospective cohort study of men and male-to-female transgender women. We defined incident syphilis as a new RPR titer ≥ 1:8 or a fourfold increase from a prior RPR titer and a positive Treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay. We measured cytokine expression using a 63-multiplex bead-based Luminex assay (eBiosciences/Affymetrix, San Diego, California, USA). We used tertile bins and Chi square tests to identify differences in proportions of cytokines between samples from patients with active and treated syphilis. We constructed a network of cytokine profiles from those findings. We used R software (R version 3.4.1, R, Vienna, Austria) to fit models.
resultsWe identified 20 pairs of cytokines (out of 1953 possible pairs) that differed between active and treated syphilis. From those, we identified three cytokine networks of interest: an Eotaxin-Rantes-Leptin network, a Mig-IL1ra-Trail-CD40L network, and an IL12p40-IL12p70 network.
conclusionsDifferences in cytokine profiles are present among men and male-to-female transgender women with active and treated syphilis. Cytokine assays may be a potentially useful tool for identifying active syphilis among patients with serologic syphilis reactivity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.