ArticleBMC infectious diseases2019
Prevalence and correlates of HIV infection among people who use drugs in Cambodia: a cross-sectional survey using respondent driven sampling method.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Estimating Hidden Population Size of COVID-19 using Respondent-Driven Sampling Method - A Systematic Review.Infectious disorders drug targets · 2024Pooled it
- A Feasibility and Acceptability Study Using Ecological Momentary Assessment to Evaluate Drug Use Patterns Among Midwestern People Who Use Drugs.Journal of drug issues · 2025Article
- Seroprevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Among People Who Use Drugs in Turkey.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- HIV and Drug Use: A Tale of Synergy in Pulmonary Vascular Disease Development.Comprehensive Physiology · 2023Article
- HIV and its associated factors among people who inject drugs in Mizoram, Northeast India.PloS one · 2023Article
- Sex Under the Influence of Drugs Among People Who Use Drugs in Cambodia: Findings From a National Survey.Archives of sexual behavior · 2022Article
- Recent HIV testing and associated factors among people who use drugs in Cambodia: a national cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2021Article
- Prevalence and social determinants of psychological distress among people who use drugs in Cambodia.International journal of mental health systems · 2020Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of HIV infection among people who inject drugs in Cambodia: findings from a national survey.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMost of studies on the relationship between drug use and HIV have focused largely on people who inject drugs. Non-injecting drug use is much more common than injecting drug use, and although it can also predispose people to HIV infection, it is not widely explored. We therefore conducted this study to explore the prevalence of HIV and identify risk factors for HIV infection among people who use non-injecting drugs (PWUD) in Cambodia.
methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017. The Respondent Driven Sampling method was used to recruit the study participants who were interviewed face-to-face using a structured questionnaire. Blood samples were collected for HIV and syphilis testing. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify risk factors associated with HIV infection.
resultsIn total, 1367 PWUD were included in this study, whose mean age was 28.0 (SD = 7.7) years. The majority (95.1%) of the participants used methamphetamine. The prevalence of HIV was 5.7, and 35.2% of the identified HIV-positive PWUD were not aware of their status prior to the survey. After adjustment for other covariates, HIV infection remained significantly associated with being in the age group of ≥35 (AOR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.04-6.11), having lower level of formal education of ≤ 6 years (AOR = 2.26, 95% CI = 1.04-5.15), living on the streets (AOR = 2.82, 95% CI = 1.10-7.23), perception that their HIV risk was higher as compared to that of the general population (AOR = 3.18, 95% CI = 1.27-8.62), having used injecting drugs in lifetime (AOR = 3.8, 95% CI = 1.36-4.56), and having cuts or sores around the genital area in the past 12 months (AOR = 3.42, 95% CI = 1.09-6.33).
conclusionsThe prevalence of HIV among PWUD in this study was more than 10 times higher than the prevalence in the general adult population. The findings reveal a higher vulnerability to HIV infection among specific sub-populations of PWUD, such as those who are homeless, who may benefit from tailored interventions that respond to their specific needs. To enhance HIV case finding, stratification of PWUD to facilitate HIV risk profiling based on socio-economic profiles and drug injection history is recommended.
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