ArticleThe Korean journal of internal medicine2020
Association between primary immunodeficiency and asthma exacerbation in adult asthmatics.
Article in The Korean journal of internal medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical and immunologic features of adult primary antibody deficiency according to IVIGRT exposure.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2026Article
- Screening and Preliminary Validation of Parthanatos-Related Key Genes in Asthma Using Transcriptomic and Machine Learning Approaches.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Pathway information on methylation analysis using deep neural network (PROMINENT): An interpretable deep learning method with pathway prior for phenotype prediction using gene-level DNA methylation.Artificial intelligence in medicine · 2025Article
- Diagnosis, Characteristics, and Outcome of Selective Anti-polysaccharide Antibody Deficiencies In A Retrospective Cohort of 55 Adult Patients.Journal of clinical immunology · 2025Observational
- The effect of camel milk on house dust mite allergen induced asthma model in BALB/C mice.PloS one · 2025Article
- Unspecified asthma, childhood-onset, and adult-onset asthma have different causal genes: a Mendelian randomization analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Current Issues in the Management of IgG Subclass Deficiencies in Adults With Chronic Respiratory Diseases.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2023Review
- Functional Defects in B Lymphocytes in Asthmatic Patients With IgG Subclass Deficiency.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2023Article
- Hidden Comorbidities in Asthma: A Perspective for a Personalized Approach.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Allergic manifestations of inborn errors of immunity and their impact on the diagnosis: A worldwide study.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2022Article
- Specific Antibody Deficiency in Adult Patients With IgG or IgG Subclass Deficiency.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimsPrimary immunodef iciency (PID) is a serious comorbid condition in adult asthmatics that have frequent exacerbations, which requires monthly replacement of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). However, the prevalence and clinical significance of PID in adult asthmatics in Korea have not yet been reported. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of PID and its association with asthma exacerbation in Korean adult asthmatics.
methodsA total of 2,866 adult asthmatics were enrolled in this study. The PID group was defined as subjects who had lower levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG)/ A/M and/or IgG subclass presenting with recurrent respiratory infections. Serum samples were assayed for total IgG/A/M by immunoturbidimetry, and IgG subclasses by nephelometry.
resultsOf the 2,866 asthmatic patients enrolled, 157 (5.49%) had PID (classified as the PID group), while those without PID was classified as the non-PID group. IgG subclass deficiency (58%) is most prevalent, among which IgG3 subclass deficiency was most common (58%). The relative risk of asthma exacerbation was 1.70 times higher in the PID group compared to the non-PID group (1.696; 95% confidence interval, 1.284 to 2.239; p < 0.001); the prevalence of severe asthma was significantly higher in the PID group than in the non-PID group (32.48% vs. 13.00%, p < 0.001). Thirty-five among 157 patients in the PID group d maintained IVIG to prevent asthma exacerbation.
conclusionIt is suggested that PID, especially IgG3 subclass deficiency, is a significant risk factor for asthma exacerbation. Screening of IgG subclass levels and IVIG replacement should be considered in the management in adult asthmatics.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.