Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31182886›Full record

ArticleIranian journal of medical sciences2019

Factors Affecting Insulin Compliance in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in South Iran, 2017: We Are Faced with Insulin Phobia.

Alireza Mirahmadizadeh, Hamed Delam, Mozhgan Seif, Sayed Aliakbar Banihashemi, Hamidreza Tabatabaee

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Article in Iranian journal of medical sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Observational
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  11. Barriers and facilitators to insulin treatment: a phenomenological inquiry.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2022
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  17. The barriers against initiating insulin therapy among patients with diabetes living in Yazd, Iran.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2019
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Alireza MirahmadizadehNoncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Hamed DelamStudent Research Committee, Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Mozhgan SeifDepartment of Epidemiology., School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Sayed Aliakbar BanihashemiKazeroun Branch, College of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Kazeroun, Iran.
Hamidreza TabatabaeeResearch Center for Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMany patients with type 2 diabetes are uncontrolled on maximum oral treatment. The early introduction of insulin can lower diabetes-related complications. This study aimed to evaluate type 2 diabetes patients' demographic characteristics, clinical factors, and attitude toward insulin therapy initiation.

methodsIn the present cross-sectional study, 457 patients were selected from 12 diabetes clinics in the southern Iranian city of Shiraz in 2017. Adult patients (>30 y) with type 2 diabetes indicated to use insulin for the first time (insulin-naive) were asked to complete a researcher-designed questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS 19. The relationships between insulin and the tendency to use insulin, demographic characteristics, and clinical data were evaluated using the χ

resultsThe mean age of the participants was 55.16±8.76 years and 67.4% were female. Despite physician recommendations, 60.2% of the patients were disinclined to use insulin. Those unwilling to initiate insulin therapy had more misconceptions. In the multivariate analysis, the chances of insulin noncompliance were increased by 4.63-fold among the patients without supplementary insurance (P<0.001), by 2.38-fold among those with a nondiabetic diet (P=0.002), and by 6.75-fold among the illiterate ones (P<0.001).

conclusionBased on the results, the factors affecting insulin noncompliance in our insulin-naive patients with type 2 diabetes included insurance coverage, illiteracy, and nondiabetic regimens as well as misconceptions about and irrational fear of insulin injection. Overall, our results indicate the need for further education and financial support for patients and health staff.

Indexed as

ComplianceDiabetes mellitus, Type 2FearInjectionsInsulin

Identifiers

PMID31182886
PMCPMC6525732

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.