ArticleScientific reports2019
Progesterone decreases gut permeability through upregulating occludin expression in primary human gut tissues and Caco-2 cells.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phase II, Open-Label Clinical Trial of Urinary-Derived Human Chorionic Gonadotropin/Epidermal Growth Factor for Life-Threatening Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2023Trial
- Sex hormones, the gut microbiome, and neurodegenerative diseases: Lifespan perspective.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Menopause and "leaky gut": implications for midlife women's health.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Pre-Treatment with Estradiol, But not Progesterone, Exacerbates DSS Colitis: Dysregulated Innate Immunity and Impaired Epithelial Damage Response.Inflammation · 2026Article
- Microbial Dysbiosis and Pathogenic Interplay in the Gut-Vaginal Axis: Implications for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Critical Review.Current microbiology · 2026Review
- Progesterone Receptor Expression in the Human Enteric Nervous System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Integrative Network View of PCOS: Organ Crosstalk Driven by the Hyperandrogenemia-Insulin Resistance-Inflammation Triad.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2026Review
- Human milk microbiota: origins, determinants, and roles in maternal-infant microbial transmission and infant microbiome assembly.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Dynamic modulation of the blood-brain barrier in the healthy brain.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2025Review
- Bipolar and major depressive disorders: associations with serum zonulin levels and rs2070937 polymorphism.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- A Review of Recent Advances in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for the Treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Review
- Sex-dependent alterations of colonic epithelial permeability: relevance to irritable bowel syndrome.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Listeria monocytogenes infection in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells with exposure to progesterone and estradiol-17beta.PloS one · 2025Article
- Infection Leading to Breast Abscess Formation in Pregnancy: A Case Report.International medical case reports journal · 2025Article
- Unraveling the role of the gut microbiome in pregnancy disorders: insights and implications.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Prenatal Stress and Ethanol Exposure: Microbiota-Induced Immune Dysregulation and Psychiatric Risks.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Dysregulated brain-gut axis in the setting of traumatic brain injury: review of mechanisms and anti-inflammatory pharmacotherapies.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Review
- Contribution of sex and gender roles to the incidence of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome in a prospective study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Heat-KilledNutrients · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Progesterone plays a protective role in preventing inflammation and preterm delivery during pregnancy. However, the mechanism involved is unknown. Microbial product translocation from a permeable mucosa is demonstrated as a driver of inflammation. To study the mechanism of the protective role of progesterone during pregnancy, we investigated the effect of physiologic concentrations of progesterone on tight junction protein occludin expression and human gut permeability in vitro and systemic microbial translocation in pregnant women in vivo. Plasma bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a representative marker of in vivo systemic microbial translocation was measured. We found that plasma LPS levels were significantly decreased during 24 to 28 weeks of gestation compared to 8 to 12 weeks of gestation. Moreover, plasma LPS levels were negatively correlated with plasma progesterone levels but positively correlated with plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels at 8 to 12 weeks of gestation but not at 24 to 28 weeks of gestation. Progesterone treatment increased intestinal trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) in primary human colon tissues and Caco-2 cells in vitro through upregulating tight junction protein occludin expression. Furthermore, progesterone exhibited an inhibitory effect on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation following LPS stimulation in Caco-2 cells. These results reveal a novel mechanism that progesterone may play an important role in decreasing mucosal permeability, systemic microbial translocation, and inflammation during pregnancy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.