Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31182718›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2019

The combined antimicrobial effect of arginine and fluoride toothpaste.

Mohammed Nadeem Ahmed Bijle, Manikandan Ekambaram, Edward C M Lo, Cynthia Kar Yung Yiu

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Oral hygiene agents at work: effects onFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
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  11. Arginine InducedFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Mohammed Nadeem Ahmed BijlePaediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, Hong Kong.
Manikandan EkambaramFaculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Edward C M LoDental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, Hong Kong.
Cynthia Kar Yung YiuPaediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, Hong Kong. ckyyiu@hkucc.hku.hk.
University of Hong Kong · HKUniversity of Otago · NZ

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate the antibacterial effect of arginine (Arg) in NaF toothpaste. 24-h mono-/3-species biofilm cultures of S. mutans, S. sanguis and S. gordonii inoculated sHA discs were subjected to treatment with toothpaste supernatants prepared as - [1]:2% Arg -NaF (0.147% F), [2]:4% Arg-NaF (0.144% F), [3]:8% Arg - NaF (0.138% F), [4]:NaF (0.15%) and [5]:deionized water. After 24-h incubation, the mono-species biofilms were subjected to viability assay using WST-8, SEM and confocal imaging (CLSM). The 3-species biofilm were quantified for bacterial composition by PCR analysis, SEM, CLSM, and RNA isolation with reverse-transcription PCR analysis. Increasing arginine concentrations in NaF toothpaste had no effect on microbial viability. The mono-/3-species biofilm imaging depicted that the 2% Arg-NaF and 4% Arg-NaF had a biofilm disrupting effect. The 3-species biofilm bacterial composition indicated that the 2% Arg-NaF group maintained an ecological homeostasis by inhibiting S. mutans growth and enriching the growth of S. sanguis and S. gordonii. The 2% Arg-NaF group significantly downregulated the expression of virulent gtfB gene and upregulated the expression of sagP with relative dominance of arcA. Incorporation of 2% arginine in NaF toothpaste might enrich the alkali-producing bacteria and provide enhanced counter mechanisms against cariogenic pathogen when compared to NaF toothpaste.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsArginineBacteriaBiofilmsFluoridesGene Expression Regulation, BacterialMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMicrobial ViabilitySpectrophotometry, UltravioletToothpastesAnti-Bacterial AgentsArginineFluoridesToothpastes

Identifiers

PMID31182718
PMCPMC6557824
OpenAlexW2949365505

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.