ArticleThe American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry2020
Chronic Systemic Inflammation Is Associated With Symptoms of Late-Life Depression: The ARIC Study.
Article in The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gene-disease association study of tumor necrosis factor-α G-308A gene polymorphism with risk of major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Brain and behavior · 2020Pooled it
- The synaptic triad in depression: how stress-related pathways converge on BDNF, NMDA receptor, and MMP-9.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Review
- Complex Neurobiological Mechanisms and Risk Factors Underlying Late-Life Depression.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Article
- Late-life sleep medication use associated with increased falls risk in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.Sleep health · 2025Article
- Immunopsychiatry of late life depression: role of ageing-related immune/inflammatory processes in the development and progression of depression.Acta neuropsychiatrica · 2025Review
- Berries and Steps: a protocol of a randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study testing freeze-dried blueberry powder in sedentary older adults with mild depressive symptoms.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
- The mediating role of self-care self-efficacy in the relationship between health behavior and psychological wellbeing among community-dwelling older adults with hypertension.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Cognitive impairment in individuals with rheumatic diseases: the role of systemic inflammation, immunomodulatory medications, and comorbidities.The Lancet. Rheumatology · 2024Review
- Association between consumption of fruits and vegetables in midlife and depressive symptoms in late life: the Singapore Chinese Health Study.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2024Article
- Bidirectional relationship between C-reactive protein and depressive symptoms considering cumulative effect among Chinese middle-aged and older adults.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Neuroinflammation in the Amygdala Is Associated With Recent Depressive Symptoms.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2023Article
- Associations of Late-Life Sleep Medication Use With Incident Dementia in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2023Article
- C-reactive protein levels and depression in older and younger adults - A study of 19,947 individuals. The Tromsø study.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2023Article
- C-Reactive Protein as a Biomarker for Major Depressive Disorder?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Links Between Inflammation, Mood, and Physical Function Among Older Adults With HIV.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2022Article
- Serum Cortisol, Nesfatin-1, and IL-1β: Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in Elderly Patients with Treatment-Resistant Depression.Clinical interventions in aging · 2022Article
- The Neuroanatomic Correlates of Olfactory Identification Impairment in Healthy Older Adults and in Persons with Mild Cognitive Impairment.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2022Article
- Head injury and 25-year risk of dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2021Article
- Epigenetic age is associated with baseline and 3-year change in frailty in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.Clinical epigenetics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe current study examined how the pattern of systemic inflammation in the decades leading up to late-life relates to depression symptoms in older adults.
methodsWithin the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, we measured high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), a nonspecific marker of systemic inflammation, at three visits: 21 years and 14 years before, and concurrent with the assessment of depression symptoms, defined using the 11-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CESD) scale. We categorized participants into one of four groups based on their 21-year longitudinal pattern of elevated (≥3 mg/L) versus low (<3 mg/L) CRP (stable low; unstable low; unstable elevated; stable elevated). Analyses excluded participants with suspected depression during midlife.
resultsA total of 4,614 participants were included (age at CESD assessment: 75.5 [SD: 5.1]; 59% female; follow-up time: 20.7 years [SD: 1.0]). Compared to participants who maintained low CRP levels (stable low), participants who had elevated CRP at two of three visits (unstable elevated; ß = 0.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02, 0.17) and participants who maintained elevated CRP at all three visits (stable elevated; ß = 0.13; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.21) had greater depression symptoms as older adults, after adjusting for confounders. After excluding participants with late-life cognitive impairment, only participants with stable elevated CRP demonstrated significantly greater late-life depression symptoms. In a secondary analysis, stable elevated CRP was associated with increased risk for clinically significant late-life depression symptoms.
conclusionChronic or repeated inflammation in the decades leading up to older adulthood is associated with late-life depression, even in the context of normal cognition.
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Registered trials
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