SynthesisBMC cancer2019
Immune-related adverse events associated with programmed cell death protein-1 and programmed cell death ligand 1 inhibitors for non-small cell lung cancer: a PRISMA systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC cancer, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05812274 (A Phase IV Study of Apricity C.A.R.E. Program for Cancer Adverse Events Rapid Evaluation to Improve Treatment Outcomes of Ethnic/Racial Minority Non-small Cell Lung Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 76 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase IV Study of Apricity C.A.R.E. Program for Cancer Adverse Events Rapid Evaluation to Improve Treatment Outcomes of Ethnic/Racial Minority Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Patients Receiving Immunotherapy
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 145 citations in OpenAlex.
- The benefit and risk of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus anti-angiogenic agents as second or later-line treatment for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis of prospective clinical trials.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Predictive value of tumor mutational burden for immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Immune-Related Adverse Events Predict the Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Lung Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Imaging of tumour response to immunotherapy.European radiology experimental · 2020Pooled it
- Treatment-Related Adverse Events of Combination Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Pooled it
- Baseline serum levels of osteopontin predict clinical response to treatment with nivolumab in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2019Trial
- Disproportionality Analysis and Timing of Drug-Associated Guillain-Barré Syndrome Onset Based on the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report Database.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Predictors of severe immune-related adverse events during first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Immune-Related Thyroid Dysfunction in PD-L1 High Non-Oncogene-Addicted NSCLC Treated with First-Line Pembrolizumab: Incidence, Timing, and Predictive Impact.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- Early prediction of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis in advanced non-small cell lung cancer based on primary tumor delta-radiomics features.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Identification of Poor Prognostic Markers in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Using Whole Exome Sequencing.Journal of breast cancer · 2025Article
- A study on adverse drug events of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in lung cancer treatment: a decade-long data mining.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Atezolizumab-induced myasthenia gravis and myositis: a fatal case report and review of the literature.International cancer conference journal · 2025Article
- Novel therapeutic strategies for non-small cell lung cancer: Combination therapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors (Review).Oncology letters · 2025Review
- Nanotechnology-Driven Drug Delivery Systems for Lung Cancer: Computational Advances and Clinical Perspectives.Thoracic cancer · 2025Review
- Association Between Cutaneous Immune-Related Adverse Events and Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Risk of Serious Immune-Related Adverse Events with Various PD1 and PD-L1 Inhibitors: A Single-Institution, Real-Life, Comparative Study.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2025Article
- Cancer treatment-induced thrombocytopenia: diagnosis, mechanisms and management.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Development and validation of the self-report symptom inventory of immune-related adverse events in patients with lung cancer.Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2024Article
- Differences in immune-related toxicity between PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors: a retrospective cohort study in patients with advanced cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundProgrammed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have remarkable clinical efficacy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, the breakdown of immune escape causes a variety of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). With the increasing use of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors alone or in combination with other therapies, awareness and management of irAEs have become more important. We aimed to assess the incidence and nature of irAEs associated with PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors for NSCLC.
methodsArticles from the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched through December 2017. The incidence of overall and organ-specific irAEs was investigated in all clinical trials with nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolimumab, durvalumab, and avelumab as single agents for treatment of NSCLC. We calculated the pooled incidence using R software with package Meta.
resultsSixteen trials were included in the meta-analysis: 10 trials with PD-1 inhibitors (3734 patients) and 6 trials with PD-L1 inhibitors (2474 patients). The overall incidence of irAEs was 22% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17-28) for all grades and 4% (95% CI, 2-6) for high-grade irAEs. The frequency of irAEs varied based on drug type and organ, and patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors had an increased rate of any grade and high-grade irAEs compared with patients who received PD-L1 inhibitors. Organ-specific irAEs were most frequently observed in, in decreasing order, the endocrine system, skin, pulmonary tract, and gastrointestinal tract. The total number of patients whose death was attributed to irAEs was 14 (0.34%), and most (79%) of these patients died because of pneumonitis. The median time to the onset of irAEs after the initiation of treatment was 10 weeks (interquartile range, 6-19.5 weeks) and varied depending on the organ system involved.
conclusionsThe specificity of irAEs was closely associated with the mechanism of PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies involved in restarting anticancer immune attacks. Comprehensive understanding, timely detection, and effective management could improve the compliance of patients and guide the interruption of treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.