ArticleBMC infectious diseases2019
Switch rates, time-to-switch, and switch patterns of antiretroviral therapy in people living with human immunodeficiency virus in Japan, in a hospital-claim database.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Antiretroviral therapy switch among Medicare beneficiaries with HIV.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2026Article
- Treatment Persistence and Switch Among Medicare-Insured People with HIV and Gaps in Care.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Community-acquired Pneumonia in People With HIV During the Current Era of Effective Antiretroviral Therapy: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Incidence of antiretroviral therapy regimen modification and associated factors among People Living with HIV in Beijing, China.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Relationship between adherence to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide fumarate and clinical outcomes in people with HIV in Japan: a claims database analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Antiretroviral Therapy Switch in HIV-Infected Adults from a Regional HIV/AIDS Center in NE Romania.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with zinc deficiency: analysis of a nationwide Japanese medical claims database.Scientific reports · 2024Observational
- Associations of modern initial antiretroviral therapy regimens with all-cause mortality in people living with HIV in resource-limited settings: a retrospective multicenter cohort study in China.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Analysis of antiretroviral therapy switch rate and switching pattern for people living with HIV from a national database in Japan.Scientific reports · 2022Observational
- Outcomes After Switching to BIC/FTC/TAF in Patients with Virological Failure to Protease Inhibitors or Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors: A Real-World Cohort Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2021Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundRegardless of chronic treatment with antiretroviral therapy (ART), the switching rate for ART regarding anchor drugs has not been articulated in real-world clinical-settings in Japan. We assessed switch rates and time-to-switch of ART regimens according to anchor drug classes (integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) and protease inhibitors (PI)) and common switching patterns of anchor drug classes in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) from 2008 to 2016.
methodsThis retrospective, observational study used data of 1694 PLWH drawn from a large-scale medical claims database. The median time-to-switch and switch rates of anchor drug class were estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis. To estimate 95% confidence intervals for switch rates and median days, the Brookmeyer and Crowley method and Greenwood method were used respectively. The switching patterns were summarized based on the time of switching. The switch rates were compared between two anchor drug classes for each year using log-rank tests.
resultsWe focused our results on 2011-2016 (n = 1613), during which most ART prescriptions were observed. A total of 268 patients switched anchor drug class from the first to a second regimen. The switch rate constantly increased over four years for NNRTIs (17.8-45.2%) and PIs (16.2-47.6%), with median time-to-switch of 1507 and 1567 days, respectively, while INSTI maintained a low switch rate (2.3-7.6%), precluding median-days calculation. The majority originally treated with NNRTI and PI switched to INSTI regardless of the switching timing after starting the first regimen (< 1 year: 91.7 and 97.5%, respectively, and ≥ 1 year: 100.0 and 97.5%, respectively). The risk of switching anchor drug classes was lower for INSTI than for other anchor drug classes in the first regimen even after adjusting for potential confounding factors.
conclusionsPatients with an ART regimen including INSTI as an anchor drug class maintained a low switch rate for long durations. The major switching strategies of anchor drug class for secondary treatment were from NNRTI or PI to INSTI. These results suggest that INSTI may be a durable anchor drug class for PLWH on ART although there are limitations inherent to the database.
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