ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2019
A Gap Between Willingness and Uptake: Findings From Mixed Methods Research on HIV Prevention Among Black and Latina Transgender Women.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06159582 (eSTEP), which is not on this map. Cited by 86 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
eSTEP: An Integrated mHealth Intervention to Engage High-risk Individuals Along the Full PrEP Care Continuum
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of Factors Affecting Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Willingness Among Black Women for HIV Prevention.AIDS and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- Adverse effects of daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis in men who have sex with men and transgender women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Cadernos de saude publica · 2023Pooled it
- Barriers and Facilitators to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake, Adherence, and Persistence Among Transgender Populations in the United States: A Systematic Review.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2022Pooled it
- Mixed methods trial of a peer intervention for HIV and partner victimization in transgender women.Journal of counseling psychology · 2026Trial
- Preexposure Prophylaxis Uptake Among Spanish-Speaking Transgender Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial in North and South Carolina, 2019-2022.American journal of public health · 2024Trial
- Trial
- PrEP Use and Willingness Cascades Among Transgender Women in 11 Asian Countries: Findings From the PrEP APPEAL Cross-Sectional Online Survey.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Article
- PrEP and PEP: awareness, use, and preferences among Latina immigrant transgender women in the Washington DC metropolitan area.AIDS care · 2026Article
- Brief Report: Disparities in PrEP Use Among HIV-Negative Black and Latina Women of Transgender Experience and Transfeminine People in Los Angeles County from 2019 to 2020 to 2023-2024.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- The Role of Healthcare-Related Experiences in Willingness and Preference for Long-Acting Injectable PrEP (LAI-PrEP) Among Transfeminine People in the United States.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Acceptability and use of doxyPEP among cisgender men who have sex with men, transgender women and non-binary persons assigned male sex at birth: results from a national online survey from the USA.Sexually transmitted infections · 2026Article
- Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Adherence and HIV Self-Testing App Among Women in the South Bronx: 12-Month Usability, Acceptability, and Feasibility Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Correlates of pre-exposure prophylaxis amongst transgender women of color taking gender-affirming hormone therapy: Findings from the TURNNT cohort study.International journal of transgender health · 2026Article
- Identifying Implementation Gaps in the HIV Prevention Cascade among Peruvian Men Who Have Sex with Men.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Integrating CBPR and Implementation Science to Develop a PrEP-Promotion Intervention for Black Transgender Women.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2026Article
- HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Utilization and Reasons for Never Using Preexposure Prophylaxis Among Transfeminine Persons in the United States: Findings From the Transgender Women's Internet Survey and Testing (TWIST) Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- PrEP Intentions, Heavy Substance Use, and Gender Affirmation among Black and Latine Transgender and Gender-Expansive Youth: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- HIV-1 Prevalence and Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Effectiveness and Prevalence of Use Among Key Populations in High-Income Economies (2017-2023): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Real-World Studies.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Gender-Affirming identification documents are associated with positive health-related outcomes for transgender people in Bolivia.International journal of transgender health · 2026Article
- The persistent chasm between PrEP awareness and uptake: characterizing the biomedical HIV prevention continuum in a nationwide cohort of transgender women in the United States and Puerto Rico.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBlack and Latina transgender women (BLTW) face significant HIV disparities with estimated HIV prevalence up to 50% and annual incidence rates as high as 2.8 per 100 person-years. However, few studies have evaluated the acceptability and uptake of high-impact HIV prevention interventions among BLTW.
settingData collection took place in Baltimore, MD and Washington, DC from May 2015 to May 2017.
methodsThis mixed methods study included quantitative interviewer-administered surveys, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. Rapid HIV testing followed each survey. Logistic regression models tested associations between legal gender affirmation (ie, desired name and gender marker on identity documents), transgender pride, history of exchange sex, HIV risk perception, and willingness to take pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Transcripts of qualitative data were coded to identify common themes related to engagement in HIV prevention.
resultsAmong 201 BLTW, 56% tested HIV-positive and 87% had heard of PrEP. Only 18% who had heard of PrEP had ever taken it. Of the 72 self-reported HIV-negative or status-unknown BLTW who had never taken PrEP, 75% were willing to take it. In multivariable analyses, history of exchange sex was associated with willingness to take PrEP, whereas greater HIV knowledge and transgender pride were associated with lower likelihood of willingness to take PrEP. Concern about drug interactions with hormone therapy was the most frequently reported barrier to PrEP uptake.
conclusionsNoting the disconnect between PrEP willingness and uptake among BLTW, HIV prevention programs could bridge this gap by responding to identified access barriers and incorporating community-derived strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.