ArticleDiabetes2019
Hybrid Insulin Peptides Are Autoantigens in Type 1 Diabetes.
Article in Diabetes, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Discovery of Post-Translationally Modified Epitopes in Autoimmunity: Someone Has to Fish so Everyone Can Eat.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Beyond Sequence: Posttranslational Remodeling of Antigens in Autoimmunity.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Hybrid Insulin Peptides as Antigens and Tolerogens for Pathogenic T Cells in Autoimmune Diabetes.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Unbiased discovery of autoreactive type 1 diabetes T-cell receptors that bind specific hybrid insulin peptides.Research square · 2026Article
- Use of Small Organic Molecules to Improve Pancreatic Beta Cell Resilience to IAPP-Induced Proteotoxic Stress.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Antigen-specific immunotherapy with a CD4Nature communications · 2026Article
- A novel region of the insulin B9-23 sequence is targeted by a HIP-reactive diabetogenic T cell clone.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- A multi-level machine learning pipeline for prediction and prioritization of hybrid insulin peptides in type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Is the NOD mouse a good model for type 1 diabetes?Diabetologia · 2026Review
- Strategic Reduction of Hybrid Insulin Peptide Formation Significantly Delays Diabetes Onset in NOD Mice.Diabetes · 2026Article
- TCR-Based Antigen-Specific Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: From Editing Autoreactive Clones to Tolerance Induction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Novel T-Cell Reactivities to Hybrid Insulin Peptides in Islet Autoantibody-Positive At-Risk Individuals.Diabetes · 2025Article
- A Cure for Type 1 Diabetes: Are We There Yet?Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2025Review
- Article
- Dia-B-Ties: B Cells in the Islet-Immune-Cell Interface in T1D.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Dysfunctional β-cell autophagy induces β-cell stress and enhances islet immunogenicity.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The Future of TCR-like Antibodies in Diagnosis and Potential Application Targets.Current molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Proinsulin C-peptide is a major source of HLA-DQ8 restricted hybrid insulin peptides recognized by human islet-infiltrating CD4PNAS nexus · 2024Article
- CD4Immunity · 2024Article
- The immunology of type 1 diabetes.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We recently established that hybrid insulin peptides (HIPs) are present in human islets and that T cells reactive to HIPs are found in the residual islets of organ donors with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Here, we investigate whether HIP-reactive T cells are indicative of ongoing autoimmunity in patients with T1D. We used interferon-γ enzyme-linked immune absorbent spot analyses on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to determine whether patients with new-onset T1D or control subjects displayed T-cell reactivity to a panel of 16 HIPs. We observed that nearly one-half of the patients responded to one or more HIPs. Responses to four HIPs were significantly elevated in patients with T1D but not in control subjects. To characterize the T cells reactive to HIPs, we used a carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester-based assay to clone T cells from PBMCs. We isolated six nonredundant, antigen-specific T-cell clones, most of which reacting to their target HIPs in the low nanomolar range. One T-cell clone was isolated from the same patient on two different blood draws, indicating persistence of this T-cell clone in the peripheral blood. This work suggests that HIPs are important target antigens in human subjects with T1D and may play a critical role in disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.