Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31174608›Full record

ArticleMicrobiome2019

Comparison of the microbiomes of two drinking water distribution systems-with and without residual chloramine disinfection.

Michael B Waak, Raymond M Hozalski, Cynthia Hallé, Timothy M LaPara

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Microbiome, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
5.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 97 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Flushing as a Control Measure forEnvironmental science & technology · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. EvaluatingMicrobiology spectrum · 2021
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Michael B WaakDepartment of Civil, Environmental, and Geo-Engineering, University of Minnesota, 500 Pillsbury Dr SE, Minneapolis, 55455, MN, USA.
Raymond M HozalskiDepartment of Civil, Environmental, and Geo-Engineering, University of Minnesota, 500 Pillsbury Dr SE, Minneapolis, 55455, MN, USA.
Cynthia HalléDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, S. P. Andersens veg 5, Trondheim, 7491, Norway.
Timothy M LaParaDepartment of Civil, Environmental, and Geo-Engineering, University of Minnesota, 500 Pillsbury Dr SE, Minneapolis, 55455, MN, USA. lapar001@umn.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-5653-5309
University of Minnesota · USNorwegian University of Science and Technology · NO

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundResidual disinfection is often used to suppress biological growth in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs), but not without undesirable side effects. In this study, water-main biofilms, drinking water, and bacteria under corrosion tubercles were analyzed from a chloraminated DWDS (USA) and a no-residual DWDS (Norway). Using quantitative real-time PCR, we quantified bacterial 16S rRNA genes and ammonia monooxygenase genes (amoA) of Nitrosomonas oligotropha and ammonia-oxidizing archaea-organisms that may contribute to chloramine loss. PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes were sequenced to assess community taxa and diversity.

resultsThe chloraminated DWDS had lower biofilm biomass (P=1×10

conclusionsAlthough residual chloramine appeared to decrease biofilm biomass and alpha diversity as intended, it selected for environmental mycobacteria and Nitrosomonas oligotropha-taxa that may pose water quality challenges. Drinking water contained common freshwater plankton and did not resemble corresponding biofilm communities in either DWDS; monitoring of tap water alone may therefore miss significant constituents of the DWDS microbiome. Corrosion-associated Desulfovibrio spp. were observed under tubercles in both systems but were particularly dominant in the chloraminated DWDS, possibly due to the addition of sulfate from the coagulant alum.

Indexed as

DisinfectionMicrobiotaWater MicrobiologyBacteriaBiofilmsChloraminesDrinking WaterRNA, Ribosomal, 16SWater PurificationWater SupplyChloraminesDrinking WaterRNA, Ribosomal, 16S16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencingBiofilm bacteriaDrinking water distribution systemsResidual chloramine disinfection

Identifiers

PMID31174608
PMCPMC6556008
OpenAlexW2948634903

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.