ArticleVirology journal2019
The tree shrew is a promising model for the study of influenza B virus infection.
Article in Virology journal, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nanomaterials-Based Immunotherapy for Atherosclerosis.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Review
- Review
- N460S in PB2 and I163T in nucleoprotein synergistically enhance the viral replication and pathogenicity of influenza B virus.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Identification and characterization of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily in the Chinese tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis).BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Study of tree shrew biology and models: A booming and prosperous field for biomedical research.Zoological research · 2024Review
- Integrated analysis of miRNA-mRNA expression of newly emerging swine H3N2 influenza virus cross-species infection with tree shrews.Virology journal · 2024Article
- Impact of adjuvant: Trivalent vaccine with quadrivalent-like protection against heterologous Yamagata-lineage influenza B virus.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Characteristics of Angiotensin I-converting enzyme 2, type II transmembrane serine protease 2 and 4 in tree shrew indicate it as a potential animal model for SARS-CoV-2 infection.Bioengineered · 2021Article
- Tree Shrew as an Emerging Small Animal Model for Human Viral Infection: A Recent Overview.Viruses · 2021Review
- Article
- Host Diversity and Potential Transmission Pathways of SARS-CoV-2 at the Human-Animal Interface.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Lianhua-Qingwen Displays Antiviral and Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Synergistic Effects with Oseltamivir against Influenza B Virus Infection in the Mouse Model.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2020Article
- Comparative Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of Pandemic H1N1, Avian H5N1, and Human H7N9 Influenza Viruses in Tree Shrews.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInfluenza B virus is a main causative pathogen of annual influenza epidemics, however, research on influenza B virus in general lags behind that on influenza A viruses, one of the important reasons is studies on influenza B viruses in animal models are limited. Here we investigated the tree shrew as a potential model for influenza B virus studies.
methodsTree shrews and ferrets were inoculated with either a Yamagata or Victoria lineage influenza B virus. Symptoms including nasal discharge and weight loss were observed. Nasal wash and respiratory tissues were collected at 2, 4 and 6 days post inoculation (DPI). Viral titers were measured in nasal washes and tissues were used for pathological examination and extraction of mRNA for measurement of cytokine expression.
resultsClinical signs and pathological changes were also evident in the respiratory tracts of tree shrews and ferrets. Although nasal symptoms including sneezing and rhinorrhea were evident in ferrets infected with influenza B virus, tree shrews showed no significant respiratory symptoms, only milder nasal secretions appeared. Weight loss was observed in tree shrews but not ferrets. V0215 and Y12 replicated in all three animal (ferrets, tree shrews and mice) models with peak titers evident on 2DPI. There were no significant differences in peak viral titers in ferrets and tree shrews inoculated with Y12 at 2 and 4DPI, but viral titers were detected at 6DPI in tree shrews. Tree shrews infected with influenza B virus showed similar seroconversion and respiratory tract pathology to ferrets. Elevated levels of cytokines were detected in the tissues isolated from the respiratory tract after infection with either V0215 or Y12 compared to the levels in the uninfected control in both animals. Overall, the tree shrew was sensitive to infection and disease by influenza B virus.
conclusionThe tree shrew to be a promising model for influenza B virus research.
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