ReviewAmerican journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology2019
Aging women and their endothelium: probing the relative role of estrogen on vasodilator function.
Review in American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of plaza dancing on body composition and cardiopulmonary function in middle-aged and the aged healthy women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of exercise training on arterial stiffness and blood pressure among postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Meta-analysis: Early Age at Natural Menopause and Risk for All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality.BioMed research international · 2021Pooled it
- Dietary nitrate and muscle contractile function in women: effect of menstrual cycle phase.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2026Trial
- Effects of Prune (Dried Plum) Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Health in Postmenopausal Women: An Ancillary Analysis of a 12-Month Randomized Controlled Trial, The Prune Study.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Trial
- The acute effects of exercise intensity and inorganic nitrate supplementation on vascular health in females after menopause.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2023Trial
- Glomerular filtration rate reserve is reduced during mild passive heat stress in healthy young adults.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2022Trial
- Trial
- The Effects of 12 Weeks of a Combined Exercise Program on Physical Function and Hormonal Status in Elderly Korean Women.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Trial
- Contributions of diet and lifestyle to sex differences in ischaemic heart disease burden in Central Europe: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Article
- Effects of dietary nitrate on cardiovascular reactivity in normotensive postmenopausal women.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Delayed conception or sildenafil prevents endothelial dysfunction in pregnant rats after renal ischemia-reperfusion.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2026Article
- Inflammaging and cytokine-driven cardiovascular senescence in age-related myocardial infarction: mechanisms, biomarkers, and precision immunotherapy strategies.Biogerontology · 2026Review
- The Influence of Statin Therapy on Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction, Endocan and Endoglin, in Postmenopausal Women-A Prospective Study.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Establishing normal myocardial blood flow and myocardial flow reserve values: a rubidium-82 positron emission tomography study.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026Article
- The acute effects of exercise intensity and inorganic nitrate supplementation on the Buckberg ratio in postmenopausal females.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Ocular microvascular changes in hypoestrogenism: an OCT/OCTA systematic review and meta-analysis.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Review
- Cardiovascular β-Adrenergic Receptor Distribution and Function: Influence of Species, Sex, Age, and Tissue.Comprehensive Physiology · 2026Review
- Acute coronary syndromes across the lifespan of women.NPJ cardiovascular health · 2026Review
- Trend and clinical outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement in connective tissue disease from the national inpatient sample database (2016-2022).Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2026Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite significant decreases in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in the past three decades, it still remains the leading cause of death in women. Following menopause and the accompanying loss of estrogen, women experience a unique, accelerated rise in CVD risk factors. Dysfunction of the endothelium represents an important antecedent to CVD development, with rapid declines in endothelial vasodilator function reportedly taking place across the menopause transition. Importantly, the decline in endothelial function is independent of chronological age and is associated with estrogen deficiency. Estrogen-mediated effects, including increasing nitric oxide bioavailability and attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation, contribute to preserving endothelial health. This review will discuss studies that have probed the role of estrogen on endothelial vasodilator function in women at discrete stages of the menopause transition and the effects of estradiol supplementation in postmenopausal women. Estrogen receptor signaling is also an important aspect of endothelial function in women, and studies suggest that expression is reduced with both acute and prolonged estrogen deficiency. Changes in regulatory mechanisms of estrogen receptor-α expression as well as sensitivity to estrogen may underlie the differential effects of estrogen therapy in early (≤5 yr past final menstrual period) and late postmenopausal women (>5 yr past final menstrual period). Lastly, this review presents potential therapeutic targets that include increasing l-arginine bioavailability and estrogen receptor activation to prevent endothelial dysfunction in postmenopausal women as a strategy for decreasing CVD mortality in this high-risk population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.