Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31171776›Full record

ArticleNature communications2019

Spinal neural tube closure depends on regulation of surface ectoderm identity and biomechanics by Grhl2.

Evanthia Nikolopoulou, Caroline S Hirst, Gabriel Galea, Christina Venturini, Dale Moulding, Abigail R Marshall, Ana Rolo, Sandra C P De Castro, Andrew J Copp, Nicholas D E Greene

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  3. Review
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  5. Article
  6. Review
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  8. Myosin 2 - A general contractor for the cytoskeleton.Current opinion in cell biology · 2025
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  9. Association Analysis of SNPs inAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025
    Article
  10. The Mechanics of Building Functional Organs.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Ventral body wall closure: Mechanistic insights from mouse models and translation to human pathology.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2025
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Evanthia NikolopoulouDevelopmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom.
Caroline S HirstDevelopmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom.
Gabriel GaleaDevelopmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2515-1342
Christina VenturiniUCL Infection and Immunity Division, UCL Pathogen Genomic Unit, UCL Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
Dale MouldingDevelopmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1431-7047
Abigail R MarshallDevelopmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom.
Ana RoloDevelopmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom.
Sandra C P De CastroDevelopmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom.
Andrew J CoppDevelopmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2544-9117
Nicholas D E GreeneDevelopmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom. n.greene@ucl.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4170-5248
University College London · GBHorizon Discovery (United Kingdom) · GBInstitute of Child Health · GRUniversity of Lisbon · PT

Funding

Medical Research Council G0801124Medical Research Council G0802163Wellcome Trust 211112/Z/18/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lack or excess expression of the surface ectoderm-expressed transcription factor Grainyhead-like2 (Grhl2), each prevent spinal neural tube closure. Here we investigate the causative mechanisms and find reciprocal dysregulation of epithelial genes, cell junction components and actomyosin properties in Grhl2 null and over-expressing embryos. Grhl2 null surface ectoderm shows a shift from epithelial to neuroepithelial identity (with ectopic expression of N-cadherin and Sox2), actomyosin disorganisation, cell shape changes and diminished resistance to neural fold recoil upon ablation of the closure point. In contrast, excessive abundance of Grhl2 generates a super-epithelial surface ectoderm, in which up-regulation of cell-cell junction proteins is associated with an actomyosin-dependent increase in local mechanical stress. This is compatible with apposition of the neural folds but not with progression of closure, unless myosin activity is inhibited. Overall, our findings suggest that Grhl2 plays a crucial role in regulating biomechanical properties of the surface ectoderm that are essential for spinal neurulation.

Indexed as

Gene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalActomyosinAnimalsBiomechanical PhenomenaCadherinsEctodermEmbryo, MammalianEpithelial CellsIntercellular JunctionsMiceNeural TubeNeuroepithelial CellsNeurulationSOXB1 Transcription FactorsStress, MechanicalTranscription FactorsActomyosinCadherinsCdh2 protein, mousegrainy head-like 2 protein, mouseSox2 protein, mouseSOXB1 Transcription FactorsTranscription Factors

Identifiers

PMID31171776
PMCPMC6554357
OpenAlexW2948595072

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.