ReviewTrends in molecular medicine2019
Do Microglial Sex Differences Contribute to Sex Differences in Neurodegenerative Diseases?
Review in Trends in molecular medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- Six promising drug repurposing candidates for Alzheimer's disease and their sex-specific mechanisms and efficacy.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Impact of sex differences on microglial function in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2026Review
- Skin-resident Langerhans cells drive neuropathic pain via chemokine-dependent neuron-immune communication.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Sex-Specific Genetic Architecture of ALS: Evidence of a Female Protective Effect?Annals of neurology · 2026Article
- Prenatal Interferon-Alpha Exposure Induces Autism-Like Neurobehavioral and Neurochemical Alterations in Male Offspring.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Article
- Cholinergic regulation of neuroinflammation: linking microglia, immunometabolism, and neuromodulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Sex-dependent immune activation shapes disease progression in a model of Parkinson's disease.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- A human induced pluripotent stem cell toolbox for studying sex chromosome effects.Stem cell reports · 2025Article
- Proteome profiling of cerebrospinal fluid using machine learning shows a unique protein signature associated with APOE4 genotype.Aging cell · 2025Article
- Sex differences in age-associated neurological diseases-A roadmap for reliable and high-yield research.Science advances · 2025Review
- Female sex is linked to a stronger association between sTREM2 and CSF p-tau in Alzheimer's disease.EMBO molecular medicine · 2025Article
- The left amygdala is genetically sexually-dimorphic: multi-omics analysis of structural MRI volumes.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Sex differences in relapse-independent and relapse-associated disability progression in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a real-world inverse-probability weighted study.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2025Article
- Sexual dimorphisms in innate immune activation markers in predementia Alzheimer's disease.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Regulatory mechanisms of neuro inflammation from a gender perspective: interactions among astrocytes, sex hormones, and the gut-brain axis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Sex chromosomes and hormones independently influence healthy brain development but act similarly after cranial radiation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Brain-body mechanisms contribute to sexual dimorphism in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2024Review
- Altered metabolism and DAM-signatures in female brains and microglia with aging.Brain research · 2024Article
- Current status and significance of research on sex differences in neuroscience: a narrative review and bibliometric analysis.Ewha medical journal · 2024Review
- Radiomic features of the hippocampal based on magnetic resonance imaging in the menopausal mouse model linked to neuronal damage and cognitive deficits.Brain imaging and behavior · 2024Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sex differences have been clinically documented in numerous neurodegenerative diseases and yet the reasons for these differences are not well understood. Recent studies have found that microglia, the innate immune cells of the central nervous system, are a key cell type involved in neurodegenerative diseases. This cell type displays sex differences in their expression profiles and function. Could these sex differences in microglia explain the sex differences seen in neurodegenerative diseases? How can we further probe these differences to better understand disease mechanisms? In this Opinion, we highlight the recent evidence that microglia have sex differences, factors that contribute to these differences, and how these differences could shed new light on the pathophysiology of neurological diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.