ArticleBMC public health2019
Changes in distributions of waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio over an 18-year period among Chinese adults: a longitudinal study using quantile regression.
Article in BMC public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical Obesity Among Chinese Adults: Prevalence, Multimorbidity Burden, and Associations with Physical Activity.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Changes in adiposity indices over 10 years and risk of type 2 diabetes: The Whitehall II cohort study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Waist-height index curves of Colombian adultsBiomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud · 2025Article
- Beyond body mass index: the role of fat distribution in male sperm quality.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
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- Association between longitudinal dietary patterns and changes in obesity: a population-based cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Trends in elevated waist-to-height ratio and waist circumference in U.S. adults and their associations with cardiometabolic diseases and cancer, 1999-2018.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Waist Circumference-Years Construct Analysis and the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes: China Health and Nutrition Survey, 1997-2015.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Waist Circumference of the Elderly over 65 Years Old in China Increased Gradually from 1993 to 2015: A Cohort Study.Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES · 2022Article
- Article
- Additive interaction between potentially modifiable risk factors and ethnicity among individuals in the Han, Tujia and Miao populations with first-ever ischaemic stroke.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Body composition, but not insulin resistance, influences postprandial lipemia in patients with Turner's syndrome.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Article
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- Revisiting the Global Overfat Pandemic.Frontiers in public health · 2020Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundLittle is known about the long-term shifts in distributions of three abdominal-obesity-related indicators, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHpR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) among Chinese adults. Traditional mean regression models used in the previous analyses were limited in their ability to capture cross-distribution among effects. The current study aims to describe the shift in distribution of WC, WHpR, and WHtR over a period of 18 years (1993-2011) in China, and to reveal quantile-specific associations of the three indicators with key covariates.
methodsLongitudinal data from seven waves of the China Health and Nutrition Surveys (CHNS) in 1993, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006, 2009 and 2011 were analyzed. The LMS method was used to illustrate the gender-specific quantile curves of WC, WHtR and WHpR over age. Separate gender-stratified longitudinal quantile regressions were employed to investigate the effect of important factors on the trends of the three indicators.
resultsA total of 11,923 participants aged 18-65 years with 49,507 observations were included in the analysis. The density curves of WC, WHtR and WHpR shifted to right and became wider. The three outcomes all increased with age and increased more at upper percentiles. From the multivariate quantile regression, physical activity was negatively associated in both genders; smoking only had a negative effect on male indicators. Education and drinking behavior both had opposite effects on the three indicators between men and women. Marital status and income were positively associated with the shifts in WC, WHtR and WHpR in male and female WC, while urbanicity index had a positive effect on three outcomes in men but inconsistent effect among female outcomes.
conclusionsThe abdominal-obesity related indicators of the Chinese adults experienced rapid growth according to our population-based, age- and gender-specific analyses. Over the 18-year study period, major increases in WC, WHtR and WHpR were observed among Chinese adults. Specifically, these increases were greater at upper percentiles and in men. Age, physical activity, energy intake, drinking, smoking, education, income and urbanicity index were associated with elevated abdominal obesity indicators, and the effects differed among percentiles and between genders.
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