ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2019
Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA) Localization Combining Weighted Least Squares and Firefly Algorithm.
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- AOA-Assisted TDOA Localization Based on Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm for Asynchronous Wireless System Networks.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Cost-Efficient RSSI-Based Indoor Proximity Positioning, for Large/Complex Museum Exhibition Spaces.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- An improved grey wolf algorithm and its localization research in complex indoor environments.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Noise-immune zeroing neural dynamics for dynamic signal source localization system and robotic applications in the presence of noise.Frontiers in neurorobotics · 2025Article
- Comprehensive Investigation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): An In-Depth Analysis of Avionics Systems.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Correlation-informed ordered dictionary learning for imaging in complex media.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Research on WSN reliable ranging and positioning algorithm for forest environment.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A Holistic Approach for Enhancing Museum Performance and Visitor Experience.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- 3D TDOA Emitter Localization Using Conic Approximation.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- An Overview of Indoor Localization System for Human Activity Recognition (HAR) in Healthcare.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Precision Enhancement of Wireless Localization System Using Passive DOA Multiple Sensor Network for Moving Target.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Chaos-Enhanced Adaptive Hybrid Butterfly Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Passive Target Localization.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Multipath Propagation of Acoustic Signal in a Swimming Pool-Source Localization Problem.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- A Tri-Satellite Interference Source Localization Method for Eliminating Mirrored Location.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Time Difference of Arrival Passive Localization Sensor Selection Method Based on Tabu Search.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Sensor Signal and Information Processing II.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Tracking by Risky Particle Filtering over Sensor Networks.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Refinement of TOA Localization with Sensor Position Uncertainty in Closed-Form.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Genetic Algorithm Approach to the 3D Node Localization in TDOA Systems.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Time difference of arrival (TDoA) based on a group of sensor nodes with known locations has been widely used to locate targets. Two-step weighted least squares (TSWLS), constrained weighted least squares (CWLS), and Newton-Raphson (NR) iteration are commonly used passive location methods, among which the initial position is needed and the complexity is high. This paper proposes a hybrid firefly algorithm (hybrid-FA) method, combining the weighted least squares (WLS) algorithm and FA, which can reduce computation as well as achieve high accuracy. The WLS algorithm is performed first, the result of which is used to restrict the search region for the FA method. Simulations showed that the hybrid-FA method required far fewer iterations than the FA method alone to achieve the same accuracy. Additionally, two experiments were conducted to compare the results of hybrid-FA with other methods. The findings indicated that the root-mean-square error (RMSE) and mean distance error of the hybrid-FA method were lower than that of the NR, TSWLS, and genetic algorithm (GA). On the whole, the hybrid-FA outperformed the NR, TSWLS, and GA for TDoA measurement.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.